To examine the effects of inactive periods of force on the amount of tooth displacement and root resorption during experimental tooth movement in rats.
Sample
Sixty 11-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats.
Method
The maxillary first molar (M1) was moved mesially using a removable titanium-nickel alloy closed coil spring for 14 days. The rats were divided into four groups with, 0, 1, 4, and 9 hours of inactivation per day.
Results
Tooth displacement in the 0- and 1-hour groups was significantly greater than that in the 9-hour group. The area of root resorption in the 4- and 9-hour groups was significantly less than that in the 0- and 1-hour groups. There was no significant difference in root resorption between 0- and 1-hour groups, and also between 4- and 9-hour groups.
Conclusion
The distance of tooth displacement gradually decreased as the inactive period increased, whereas root resorption suddenly decreased between 1 and 4 hours of inactive orthodontic force.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
StoreyE, SmithRForce in orthodontics and its relation to tooth movement. Aust J Dent1952; 56: 11–18.
2.
BurstoneCHThe biomechanics of tooth movement. In KrausBS, RiedelRA (Eds) Vistas in Orthodontics. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger, 1962: 202–214.
3.
KingGJ, FischlschweigerWThe effect of force magnitude on extractable bone resorptive activity and cemental cratering in orthodontic tooth movement. J Dent Res1982; 61: 775–779.
4.
KirinoY, TsuchiyaT, KuriharaS, ChibaM, MiuraFA study of tooth movement with super-elastic force. J Jpn Orthod Soc1991; 50: 315–324.
5.
KonoH., TsuchiyaT., WaritaH., KubotaM., IidaJ., MogiM., A histological studies on tooth movement with super-elastic force (part.1). J Jpn Orthod Soc1991; 50: 126–136.
6.
WaritaH, IidaJ, YamaguchiS, MatsumotoY, FujitaY, DomonS, A study on experimental tooth movement with Ni-Ti alloy orthodontic wires: comparison between light continuous force and light dissipating force. J Jpn Orthod Soc1996; 55: 515–527.
7.
KohnoT, MatsumotoY, KannoZ, WaritaH, SomaKExperimental tooth movement under light orthodontic forces—rates of tooth movement and changes of the periodontium. J Orthod2002; 29: 125–132.
8.
ReitanKSome factors determining the evaluation of forces in orthodontic. Am J Orthod1957; 43: 32–45.
9.
ReitanKEffects of force magnitude and direction of tooth movement on different alveolar bone types. Angle Orthod1964; 34: 244–255.
10.
LevanderE, MalmgrenO, EliassonSEvaluation of root resorption in relation to two orthodontic treatment regimes. A clinical experimental study. Eur J Orthod1994; 16: 223–228
11.
RyghPOrthodontic root resorption studied by electron microscopy. Angle Orthod1977; 47: 1–16.
12.
IgarashiK, MiyoshiK, ShinodaH, SaekiS, MitaniHDiurnal variation in tooth movement in response to orthodontic force in rats. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop1998; 114: 8–14.
13.
KonooT, KimYJ, GuGM, KingGJintermittent force in orthodontic tooth movement. J Dent Res2001; 80: 457–460.
14.
KameyamaT, MatsumotoY, WaritaH, OtsuboK, SomaKA mechanical stress model applied to the rat periodontium. Using controlled magnitude and direction of orthodontic force with an absolute anchorage. Oral Med Pathol2002; 7: 1–7
15.
ShinodaH, SternPHDiurnal rhythms in calcium transfer into bone calcium release from bone and bone resorbing activity in serum of rats. Am J Physiol1992; 262: R235–R240.
16.
SimmonsDJ, MentonDN, RussellJE, SmithR, WalkerWVBone cell populations and histomorphometric correlates to function. Anat Rec1988; 222: 228–236.
17.
RobertsWE, KlinglerE, MozsaryPGCircadian rhythm of mechanically mediated differentiation of osteoblasts. Calcif Tissue Int1984; 36: S62–S66.
18.
DomonS, ShimokawaH, MatsumotoY, YamaguchiS, SomaK.In situ hybridization for matrix metalloproteinase-1 and cathepsin K in rat root-resorbing tissue induced by tooth movement. Arch Oral Biol, 1999; 44: 907–915
19.
SringkarnboriboonS, MatsumotoY, SomaKRoot resorption related to hypofunctional periodontium in experimental tooth movement. [Abstract]. J Dent Res2001; 80: 789.
20.
RyghPUltrastructural cellular reactions in pressure zones of rat molar periodontium incident to orthodontic tooth movement. Acta Odontol Scand1972; 81: 467–480.
21.
BrudvikP, RyghPThe initial phase of orthodontic root resorption incident to local compression of the periodontal ligament. Eur J Orthod1993; 15: 249–63.
22.
BrezniakN, WassersteinARoot resorption after orthodontic treatment: part 1. Literature review. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop1993; 103: 62–66.
23.
BrezniakN, WassersteinARoot resorption after orthodontic treatment: part 2. Literature review. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop1993; 103: 138–146.
24.
BrudvikP, RyghPRoot resorption after local injection of prostaglandin E2 during experimental tooth movement. Eur J Orthod1991; 13: 255–263.
25.
Birkedal-HansenH.Role of cytokines and inflammatory mediators in tissue destruction. J Periodont Res1993; 28: 500–510.
26.
MurakamiS, TakayamaS, IkezawaK, ShimabukuroY, KitamuraM, NozakiT, Regeneration of periodontal tissues by basic fibroblast growth factor. J Periodont Res1999; 34: 425–30.
27.
WuYM, RichardsDW, RoweDJProduction of matrix-degrading enzymes and inhibition of osteoclast-like cell differentiation by fibroblast-like cells from the periodontal ligament of human primary teeth. J Dent Res1999; 78: 681–689.
28.
KimotoS, MatsuzawaM, MatsubaraS, KomatsuT, UchimuraN, KawaseT, Cytokine secretion of periodontal ligament fibroblasts derived from human deciduous teeth: effect of mechanical stress on the secretion of transforming growth factor-beta 1 and macrophage colony stimulating factor. J Periodontal Res1999; 34: 235–243.
29.
SatoT, IidaJ, KuriharaSA histological investigation on the periodontal tissue changes during molar depression in rats. J Jpn Orthod Soc1984; 46: 361–372.
