Cytogenetic studies in marine fish are scarce, and elemental cytogenetic information is available for not >2% of the species. Traditional cytogenetic methods require living individuals for their application, making the analysis of marine ichthyofauna very difficult. In this study, we present a detailed new protocol to obtain cytogenetic preparations from marine fish, through access to specimens in postmortem condition. The application of this protocol made it possible to access elemental cytogenetic information (diploid number) in six native species of the South Pacific Ocean, representative of five orders. In this way, we provide a new low-cost methodological tool for focused or large-scale cytogenetic analysis, both in economically important, native, or threatened species.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
HartleyS, HorneM. Cytogenetic techniques in fish genetics. J Fish Biol, 1985; 26:575–582.
2.
GalettiPM, AguilarCT, MolinaWF, et al.An overview of marine fish cytogenetics. Hydrobiologia, 2000; 420:55–62.
3.
AraiR: Fish Karyotypes a CheckList. Springer, Japan, 2011.
4.
Betancur-RR, WileyEO, ArratiaG, et al.Phylogenetic classification of bony fishes. BMC Evol Biol, 2017; 17:162.
5.
Araya-JaimeC, Palma-RojasC, Von BrandE, SilvaA. Cytogenetic characterization, rDNA mapping and quantification of the nuclear DNA content in Seriolella violacea Guichenot, 1848 (Perciformes, Centrolophidae). Comp Cytogenet, 2021; 14:319–328.
6.
ValenteGT, ConteMA, FantinattiBEA, et al.Origin and evolution of B chromosomes in the cichlid fish astatotilapia latifasciata based on integrated genomic analyses. Mol Biol Evol, 2014; 31:2061–2072.
7.
AlvarezMC, OtisJ, AmoresA, GuiseK. Short-term cell culture technique for obtaining chromosomes in marine and freshwater fish. J Fish Biol, 1991; 39:817–824.
8.
ForestiF, OliveiraC, Foresti de Almeida-ToledoL. A method for chromosome preparations from large fish specimens using in vitro short-term treatment with colchicine. Experientia, 1991; 49:810–813.
9.
FujiwaraA, Nishida-UmeharaC, SakamotoT, OkamotoN, NakayamaI, AbeS. Improved fish lymphocyte culture for chromosome preparation. Genetica, 2001; 111:77–89.
10.
SchulzRW, de FrançaLR, LareyreJ-JJ, et al.Spermatogenesis in fish. Gen Comp Endocrinol, 2010; 165:390–411.
11.
ReyO, HontA, CoutanceauJ, PisanoE, ChilmonczykS: Cephalic kidney and spleen cell culture in antartic teleosts. In: Fish Cytogenetic Techniques Ray-Fin Fishes and Chondrichthyans. Ozouf-Costaz C, Pisano E, Foresti F (eds), pp. 74–81. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 2015.
12.
SalvadoriS, ColucciaE, DeianaAM: Teleost fish lymphocyte culture. In: Fish Cytogenetic Techniques Ray-Fin Fishes and Chondrichthyans. Ozouf-Costaz C, Pisano E, Foresti F (eds), pp. 58–65, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 2015.
13.
FanZ, FoxDP. A new method for fish chromosome preparation. J Fish Biol, 1990; 37:553–561.
14.
de Cáscia Barreto NettoMR, PaulsE, de MelloAffonso. PRA A standard protocol for obtaining fish chromosomes under post-mortem conditions. Micron, 2007; 38:214–217.
15.
DegrandiTM, de OliveiraJCP, Soares A deA, et al.Karyotype description and comparative analysis in Ringed Kingfisher and Green Kingfisher (Coraciiformes, Alcedinidae). Comp Cytogenet, 2018; 12:163–170.
16.
SoaresRX, CioffiMB, BertolloLAC, BorgesAT, CostaGWWF, MolinaWF. Chromosomal evolution in large pelagic oceanic apex predators, the barracudas (Sphyraenidae, percomorpha). Genet Mol Res, 2017; 16:1–9.
17.
ZuranoJP, OjedaDS, BidauCJ, MolinaWF, LedesmaMA, MartinezPA. A comparison of heterochromatic regions in three species of neotropical canids. Zool Anz, 2015; 254:1–7.
18.
MovafaghA, HeydaryH, Mortazavi-TabatabaeiSAR, AzargashbE. The significance application of indigenous Phytohemagglutinin (PHA) mitogen on metaphase and cell culture procedure. Iran J Pharm Res, 2011; 10:895–903.
19.
Nowsad AlamAKM. Post-mortem changes and Assessment of Fish Quality. In: Participatory Training of Trainers: A New Approach Applied in Fish Processing. Nowsad Alam AKM (ed), p. 329. Bangladesh Fisheries Research Forum, Bangladesh, 2007.
20.
KhuntiaBK: Post mortem changes in fish. Daya Publishing House, New Delhi, 2013.
