Abstract
The Id genes encode helix-loop-helix (HLH) transcription proteins that lack a DNA binding basic domain. Id proteins (Id1, Id2, Id3, and Id4) function as dominant negative regulators of basic HLH transcription factors by forming inactive heterodimers. Recent studies suggest that the Id proteins participate in the regulation of cell growth, differentiation, tumorigenesis and angiogenesis in a variety of cell types. This report summarizes studies done in our laboratory on the expression and regulation of the Id1 gene in human thyroid tissue, the result of activation of the major mitogen signal transduction pathways on Id1 gene expression, and the effect of the Id1 gene on thyroid cancer cell growth and differentiation.
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