The study of the human nervous system remains challenging due to its inherent complexity and difficulty in obtaining original samples. Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is a rapidly evolving technology in the field of tissue engineering that has made significant contributions to several disciplines, including neuroscience. In order to more accurately reflect the intricate multicellular milieu of the in vivo environment, an increasing number of studies have commenced experimentation with the coprinting of diverse cell types. This article provides an overview of technical details and the application of 3D bioprinting with multiple cell types in the field of neuroscience, focusing on the challenges of coprinting and the research conducted based on multicellular printing. This review discusses cell interactions in coprinting systems, stem cell applications, the construction of brain-like organoids, the establishment of disease models, and the potential for integrating 3D bioprinting with other 3D culture techniques.
Impact Statement
In the field of neuroscience, 3D bioprinting is becoming a key tool for creating neural tissues. These techniques aim to mimic the complex cellular environments found in the body. Recent advancements in neural models using multicellular bioprinting show the importance of optimizing printing parameters. This optimization enhances cell survival and tissue functionality. Studies also focus on how different types of neural cells interact within these printed structures. Despite these advances, there is a lack of comprehensive reviews on using multicellular bioprinting for neural tissues. This article aims to fill that gap. It summarizes the challenges and progress in multicellular neural bioprinting. It helps researchers choose the best printing parameters and model construction methods for neural tissue engineering. This review also explores the current status and limitations of multicellular bioprinting in neural tissues. It supports further innovation in this area. The findings will aid in advancing neural bioprinting technologies and improving future neural tissue designs.
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