Adhesion formation after surgery for peritonitis-related conditions, with such associated complications as intestinal obstruction, pain, and infertility, remains an important problem. Applying a liquid barrier intra-peritoneally might reduce initial adhesion formation.
Methods:
A combination of the cecal ligation and puncture model of peritonitis with the side-wall defect (SWD) model of adhesion formation was performed. Forty rats were assigned randomly to receive no barrier or 1 mL or 2 mL of the cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol and carboxymethylcellulose (PVA/CMC) hydrogel A-Part® Gel (B. Braun Aesculap AG, Tuttlingen, Germany). After 14 days, the animals were sacrificed, and adhesion formation and abscess formation were scored.
Results:
Thirty animals survived, distributed equally among the groups. There were significantly fewer adhesions to the SWD in the PVA/CMC groups (median 0) than in the control group (median 26%–50%) (p<0.05). The median tenacity of the adhesions was significantly higher in the control group (Zühlke score 2) than in the PVA/CMC groups (Zühlke score 0) (p<0.05). The amount and size of intra-abdominal abscesses were not significantly different in the three groups.
Conclusion:
In this experiment, PVA/CMC hydrogel reduced the amount of adhesions to the SWD and between viscera significantly with equal risk of abscess formation.
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