The discovery of mammalian N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methyltransferases and demethylases has enriched our knowledge of the dynamic regulation of the most prevalent posttranscriptional RNA modification, m6A methylation. This reversible methylation process of adding and removing m6A marks on RNA has been shown to have broad biological functions in fine tuning cellular processes and gene expression. Recent studies have revealed a critical role for the currently known m6A methyltransferases and demethylases in regulating the pluripotency and differentiation of stem cells. These data establish a novel dimension in epigenetic regulation at the RNA level to affect mammalian cell fate.
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