Abstract
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Azaria
D.
(2020 ). The working methods of the International Law Commission: Adherence to methodology, commentaries and decision-making. In United Nations (Eds.), Seventy years of the international law commission: Drawing a balance for the future (pp. 172-197). Brill/Nijhoff.
2.
Batura
J.
,
González Hauck
S.
, &
Schuberth
S.
2021 , February 22). The International Law Commission as an interpreter of international law? An introduction. Völkerrechtsblog . https://voelkerrechtsblog.org/the-international-law-commission-as-an-interpreter-of-international-law/
3.
Borgese
E. M.
(1998 ). The oceanic circle: Governing the seas as a global resource . United Nations University Press.
4.
Bowling
C.
,
Pierson
E.
, &
Ratté
S.
2016 ). The common concern of humankind: A potential framework for a new international legally binding instrument on the conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity in the high seas . United Nations. https://www.un.org/depts/los/biodiversity/prepcom_files/BowlingPiersonandRatte_Common_Concern.pdf
5.
Cançado Trindade
A. A
. (2010 ). Conceptual constructions: Common heritage of mankind and common concern of mankind. In International law for humankind: Towards a new jus gentium (2nd rev. ed., pp. 327–352). Brill/Nijhoff.
6.Certain Activities Carried Out by Nicaragua in the Border Area (Costa Rica v. Nicaragua ) and Construction of a Road in Costa Rica along the San Juan River (Nicaragua v. Costa Rica ) . (2015 , December 16). ICJ Judgment, p. 665, para. 157. https://www.icj-cij.org/sites/default/files/case-related/150/150-20151216-JUD-01-00-EN.pdf
7.Charter of the United Nations . (1945 , June 26). Article 13[1][a]. https://www.un.org/en/about-us/un-charter/chapter-4
8.
Cottier
T.
, &
Ahmad
Z.
2021 ). The prospects of common concern of humankind in international law . Cambridge University Press.
9.
Desai
B. H.
, &
Sidhu
B. K
2019 ). Climate change as a common concern of humankind: Some reflections on the international law-making process. In J. Jaria-Manzano & S. Borràs (Eds.), Research handbook on global climate constitutionalism (pp. 153–175). Edward Elgar Publishing.
10.Gabčikovo-Nagymaros Project (Hungary/Slovakia) . (1997 , September 25). ICJ Judgment, p. 7, para. 140. https://www.icj-cij.org/sites/default/files/case-related/92/092-19970925-JUD-01-00-EN.pdf
11.International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea . (2011 , February 1). Responsibilities and obligations of States with respect to activities in the Area, Advisory Opinion . ITLOS Reports. https://www.itlos.org/fileadmin/itlos/documents/cases/case_no_17/17_adv_op_010211_en.pdf
12.
Mayer
B.
(2019 ). A review of the International Law Commission's guidelines on the protection of the atmosphere. Melbourne Journal of International Law , 20 , 453.
13.
Murase
S.
(2014 , February 14). First report on the protection of the atmosphere . International Law Commission. Agenda item 11. Document A/CN.4/667. https://legal.un.org/ilc/documentation/english/a_cn4_667.pdf
14.
Murase
S.
(2015 , March 2). Second report on the protection of the atmosphere . International Law Commission. Agenda item 9. Document A/CN.4/681. https://legal.un.org/ilc/documentation/english/a_cn4_681.pdf
15.
Murase
S.
(2016 , February 25). Third report on the protection of the atmosphere . International Law Commission. Document A/CN.4/692. https://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/N16/051/44/PDF/N1605144.pdf?OpenElement
16.
Murase
S.
(2017 , January 31). Fourth report on the protection of the atmosphere . International Law Commission. Document A/CN.4/705. https://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/N17/026/12/PDF/N1702612.pdf?OpenElement
17.
Murase
S.
(2018 , February 8). Fifth report on the protection of the atmosphere . International Law Commission. Document A/CN.4/711. https://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/N18/012/86/PDF/N1801286.pdf?OpenElement
18.
Murase
S.
(2020 , February 11). Sixth report on the protection of the atmosphere . International Law Commission. Document A/CN.4/736. https://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/N20/017/43/PDF/N2001743.pdf?OpenElement
19.
Noyes
J. E.
(2012 ). The common heritage of mankind: Past, present, and future. Denver Journal of International Law and Policy , 40 , 451.
20.
Pardo
A.
(1983 ). The convention on the law of the sea: A preliminary appraisal. San Diego Law Review , 20 .
21.Pulp Mills on the River Uruguay (Argentina v. Uruguay ) . (2010 , April 20). ICJ Judgment, p. 14, para. 204. https://icj-cij.org/sites/default/files/case-related/135/135-20100420-JUD-01-00-EN.pdf
22.
Segura-Serrano
A.
(2006 ). Internet regulation and the role of international law. Max Planck Yearbook of United Nations Law Online , 10(1), 191 –272 .
23.Statute of the International Law Commission . (1947 , November 21). Article 1[1]. https://legal.un.org/ilc/texts/instruments/english/statute/statute.pdf
24.
Stephens
T.
(2009 ). International courts and environmental protection . Cambridge University Press.
25.
Stoll
P. T.
(2016 ). The climate as a global common. In Elgar Encyclopedia of Environmental Law (pp. 131–141). Edward Elgar Publishing Limited.
26.
Tanaka
Y.
(2019 ). The international law of the sea (3rd ed.). Cambridge University Press.
27.
Taylor
P.
(2016 ). The concept of the common heritage of mankind. In D. Fisher (Ed.), Research handbook on fundamental concepts of environmental law . Edward Elgar Publishing.
28.
Taylor
P.
(2018 ). Common heritage of mankind and common concern of humankind. In Elgar Encyclopedia of environmental law (pp. 303–322). Edward Elgar Publishing.
29.United Nations . (2016 ). Official Records of the General Assembly, Seventy-first session, 26th meeting . A/C.6/71/SR.26. https://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/N16/349/08/PDF/N1634908.pdf?OpenElement
30.United Nations . (2017 ). Official Records of the General Assembly, Seventy-second session, 24th meeting . A/C.6/72/SR.24. https://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/N17/350/12/PDF/N1735012.pdf?OpenElement
31.United Nations . (1970, December 17) . Declaration of principles governing the sea-bed and the ocean floor, and the subsoil thereof, beyond the limits of national jurisdiction . General Assembly Resolution2749 (XXV). https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/201718?ln=en
32.United Nations . (1974 , December 12). Charter of economic rights and duties of states. General Assembly Resolution , 3281 (XXIX). https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/190150?ln=en
33.United Nations . (1982 , December 10). United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. https://www.un.org/depts/los/convention_agreements/texts/unclos/unclos_e.pdf
34.United Nations . (1987 ). Our common future . World Commission on Environment and Development. Report of the World Commission on Environment and Development. https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/139811
35.United Nations . (1988 , December 6). General Assembly Resolution 43/53. Protection of global climate for present and future generations of mankind . https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/54234?ln=en
36.United Nations . (1992 a, June 5). United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity . https://www.cbd.int/doc/legal/cbd-en.pdf
37.United Nations . (1992 b, May 9). United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change . https://treaties.un.org/doc/source/recenttexts/unfccc_eng.pdf
38.United Nations . (1994 , July 28). Agreement relating to the implementation of Part XI of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea . No. 3136 4. https://treaties.un.org/doc/Publication/UNTS/Volume 1836/volume-1836-I-31364-English.pdf
39.United Nations . (1997 ). Report of the International Law Commission on the work of its forty-ninth session, 12 May – 18 July 1997 . A/52/10. https://legal.un.org/ilc/publications/yearbooks/english/ilc_1997_v2_p2.pdf
40.United Nations . (2011 ). Report of the International Law Commission on the work of its sixty-third session, 26 April – 3 June and 4 July – 12 August 2011 . A/66/10. https://legal.un.org/ilc/reports/2011/english/annex.pdf
41.United Nations . (2013 ). Report of the International Law Commission on the work of its sixty-fifth session, 6 May – 7 June and 8 July – 9 August 2013 . A/68/10. https://legal.un.org/ilc/publications/yearbooks/english/ilc_2013_v2_p2.pdf
42.United Nations . (2014 ). Report of the International Law Commission on the work of its sixty-sixth session, 5 May – 6 June and 7 July – 8 August 2014 . A/69/10. https://legal.un.org/ilc/reports/2014/english/chp8.pdf
43.United Nations . (2015 , December 12). Paris Agreement . https://unfccc.int/files/meetings/paris_nov_2015/application/pdf/paris_agreement_english_.pdf
44.United Nations . (2016 ). Official Records of the General Assembly, Seventy-first session, 26th meeting. A/C.6/71/SR.26. https://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/N16/349/08/PDF/N1634908.pdf?OpenElement
45.United Nations . (2017 ). Official Records of the General Assembly, Seventysecond session, 24th meeting. A/C.6/72/SR.24. https://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/N17/350/12/PDF/N1735012.pdf?OpenElement
46.United Nations . (2021 ). Draft guidelines on the protection of the atmosphere, with commentaries . A/76/10. https://legal.un.org/ilc/texts/instruments/english/commentaries/8_8_2021.pdf
47.United Nations . (2021 , November 13). Glasgow Climate Pact . https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/cop26_auv_2f_cover_decision.pdf
48.United Nations . (2023 , June 19). Agreement under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on the conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity of areas beyond national jurisdiction. https://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/LTD/N23/177/28/PDF/N2317728.pdf?OpenElement
49.
Weiss
E. B.
(2013 ). International law for a water-scarce world . Brill/Nijhoff.