Treatment of Vulvovaginal Atrophy with Fractional CO 2 Laser: Evaluating Real-World Data

Abstract

Objective:

We aimed to evaluate real-world data for the use of fractional CO₂ laser therapy for treating symptoms of vulvovaginal atrophy (VVA).

Background:

VVA is widespread and can reduce the patients' quality of life. There is a lack of data regarding its therapy with laser, especially for daily practice (i.e., real-world data).

Methods:

Thirty-six patients were treated in a single medical center. They consisted of pre- and postmenopausal women and received three fractional CO₂ laser therapy treatments with 3–6 weeks between each treatment. Each patient financed the treatment privately. The symptoms pain, pruritus, dyspareunia, burning, dryness, and dysuria were recorded with a visual analog scale (1–10) before the first, second, and third laser treatment. The data were examined retrospectively.

Results:

Pain was reduced from a mean of 2.5 points (minimum 0, maximum 9 points) to 1.1 (minimum 0, maximum 8 points) before the third laser treatment. Pruritus showed a mean score of 3.8 (minimum 0, maximum 10 points). This decreased to 1.4 (minimum 0, maximum 8 points). Dyspareunia scored a mean of 6.8 (minimum 0, maximum 10 points). After two laser therapies, the score was 3.3 (minimum 0, maximum 8 points). Burning showed 4.2 points (minimum 0, maximum 10 points). Having experienced two laser therapy sessions, the patients scored 1.5 (minimum 0, maximum 9 points) points. The severity of dryness dropped from 6.5 (minimum 0, maximum 10 points) to 3.3 (minimum 0, maximum 9 points). Dysuria was stated with 1.8 points (minimum 0, maximum 10 points) before the first and 0.5 points (minimum 0, maximum 6 points) before the third laser therapy. All changes showed statistical significance (p < 0.002).

Conclusions:

This real-world data propose fractional CO₂ laser to reduce VVA-associated genital discomfort, thus being a valuable therapy option for pre- and postmenopausal women.