Evaluating the Potential of a Novel Metabolic Syndrome Severity Score to Inform Exercise Interventions for People with Complex Chronic Conditions

Abstract

Aims:

Exercise interventions positively affect numerous cardiometabolic risk factors. To better evaluate the health effects of exercise training, it may be more appropriate to evaluate risk factors together. The Metabolic Syndrome Severity Score (MetSSS) is a composite score representing cardiometabolic risk.

Purpose:

To evaluate the relationships between physical activity, neuromuscular fitness, exercise capacity, and the MetSSS in a heterogenous sample of people with complex chronic disease.

Material and Methods:

Fifty-three people with kidney or liver disease and at least one feature of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) were included. Pearson correlations were conducted between physical activity, neuromuscular fitness, exercise capacity, and the MetSSS. Linear regressions were performed for multi-level categorical variables. Independent variables with an association with MetSSS (P ≤ 0.2) were included in a multiple regression analysis.

Results:

The 6-minute walk test (6MWT) distance was inversely and independently associated with MetSSS [standardized beta coefficient (β) = −0.31, P = 0.04]. No relationship was found between MetSSS and physical activity or neuromuscular fitness. Mean 6MWT in the highest tertile was 550 m (range: 505–620 m) and 346 m (range: 233–408 m) in the lowest. The analysis showed a medium–large between-group effect for the difference in MetSSS for the lowest and highest tertile of 6MWT [Eta squared (η²) = 0.16, P = 0.01].

Conclusions:

Exercise capacity was inversely and independently associated with MetSSS in people with complex chronic disease. Clinical trials with exercise interventions are needed to further investigate if improvements in exercise capacity result in clinically significant changes in the MetSSS.