To investigate the association of dairy consumption with metabolic syndrome (MetS) in a representative sample of Korean adult and elderly population.
Methods:
We used data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2013–2018. A total of 18,206 adults (19–64 years) and 5113 elderly people (≥65 years) were included in the analysis. Dairy product consumption was assessed with a 24-hr dietary recall, and the subjects were divided into three groups based on their total dairy consumption (0, <1, ≥1 serving/day). The primary outcome, MetS, was defined according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III and the Korean Society for the Study of Obesity.
Results:
After adjusting for covariates, high dairy consumption was associated with 12% lower odds of MetS in adults compared with no dairy consumption [odds ratio (OR) 0.88, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.78–0.998, P for trend = 0.048]. A similar inverse association was found in adult men (OR 0.84, 95% CI 0.71–0.99), but no significant association was found in adult women (OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.78–1.11). For the elderly, high dairy consumption was associated with 20% lower odds of MetS (OR 0.80, 95% CI 0.65–0.98, P for trend = 0.020); a significant inverse association was shown in elderly women (OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.56–0.94) but not in elderly men (OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.68–1.28).
Conclusion:
Our findings suggest that one or more servings/day of dairy products were associated with lower prevalence of MetS in Korean adult men and elderly women.
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