We aimed to evaluate the association of carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA-125; also known as cancer antigen 125) with various anthropometric and metabolic measures and also with diabetes and metabolic syndrome.
Methods:
A total of 357 diabetic and nondiabetic subjects were enrolled. CA-125, anthropometric parameters, lipids, blood pressure, as well as glycemic and insulin resistance measures were assessed. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria.
Results:
CA-125 was lower in subjects with diabetes and/or metabolic syndrome [median (interquartile range) of 8.20 (5.70–11.57) and 9.55 (6.50–16.25) U/mL for diabetic and nondiabetic subjects, respectively, P<0.05; 8.11 (5.90–11.45) and 9.50 (6.34–14.76) U/mL for subjects with metabolic syndrome and those without metabolic syndrome, respectively, P<0.05]. Anthropometric measures, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and blood pressure were inversely associated with CA-125 (P<0.05); waist circumference and body mass index were also identified as the strongest determinants of CA-125 (P<0.001). Using multiple linear regression models, waist circumference (β=−0.088, P<0.01), apolipoprotein B (β=−0.027, P<0.05), and systolic blood pressure (β=−0.054, P<0.05) were independently associated with CA-125. However, none of insulin resistance measures remained in the model after adjusting for other clinical variables.
Conclusion:
CA-125 is inversely correlated with diabetes status, metabolic syndrome, and their associated anthropometric and metabolic measures. Furthermore, CA-125 is independently associated with waist circumference, apolipoprotein B, and systolic blood pressure, but not with any insulin resistance measures.
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