Cross-Sectional Analyses of High-Impact Pain Across Pregnancy Status by Race and Ethnicity

Abstract

Background:

Preclinical and clinical research has suggested the existence of pregnancy-associated analgesia, wherein responses to painful stimulation or pain from disease decrease during pregnancy.

Materials and Methods:

We combined data from multiple years (2012–2015) of the National Health Interview Survey to examine high-impact pain by Hispanic ethnicity and race in women with no prior pregnancy, during pregnancy, and previously pregnant.

Results:

High-impact pain was less common for women during pregnancy (10.3%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 7.0%–13.7%) than it was for women who had never been pregnant (13.7%; 95% CI: 12.8%–14.5%) and for women who had previously been pregnant (19.8%; 95% CI: 16.0%–23.7%). However, when we examined the data by Hispanic ethnicity and race, we found that non-Hispanic White (NHW) women were less likely to report high-impact pain during pregnancy, but non-Hispanic Black (NHB) women and Hispanic White women were not. In women who reported no prior pregnancy, NHW women were most likely to report high-impact pain, followed by NHB women and Hispanic women. In post hoc analyses, we found that while menstrual problems were associated with increased odds of having high-impact pain, an interaction was not observed between menstrual problems and race/ethnicity (p = 0.48).

Conclusions:

This cross-sectional study presents a nationally representative examination of the prevalence of high-impact pain across pregnancy status. Using a nationally representative sample of women, we have demonstrated that the prevalence of high-impact pain varies across pregnancy status and that race/ethnicity and the presence of menstrual problems independently affect this prevalence.