MeneesSB, AlmarioCV, SpiegelBMR, CheyWD: Prevalence of and factors associated with fecal incontinence: Results from a population-based survey. Gastroenterology, 2018; 154:1672.e3–1681.e3.
2.
ChughtaiB, ThomasD, RussellD, et al.: Prevalence and risk factors for fecal incontinence in home hospice. Am J Hosp Palliat Care, 2019; 36:33–37.
3.
KyleG: Bowel and bladder care at the end of life. Br J Nurs, 2010; 19:408, 410, 412–414.
4.
WhiteheadWE, BorrudL, GoodePS, et al.: Pelvic floor disorders network. Fecal incontinence in US adults: Epidemiology and risk factors. Gastroenterology, 2009; 137:512–517, 517.e1–e2.
5.
DitahI, DevakiP, LumaHN, et al.: Prevalence, trends, and risk factors for fecal incontinence in United States adults, 2005–2010. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2014; 12:636–643.e1–e2.
6.
MeyerI, RichterHE: Impact of fecal incontinence and its treatment on quality of life in women. Womens Health (Lond), 2015; 11:225–238.
7.
AlAmeelT, AndrewMK, MacKnightC: The association of fecal incontinence with institutionalization and mortality in older adults. Am J Gastroenterol, 2010; 105:1830–1834.
8.
MusaMK, SagaS, BlekkenLE, et al.: The prevalence, incidence, and correlates of fecal incontinence among older people residing in care homes: A systematic review. J Am Med Dir Assoc, 2019; 20:956.e8–962.e8.
9.
PalmerSJ: Faecal incontinence in palliative and end-of-life care. Br J Community Nurs, 2019; 24:528–532.
10.
RaoSS; American College of Gastroenterology Practice Parameters Committee. Diagnosis and management of fecal incontinence. American College of Gastroenterology Practice Parameters Committee. Am J Gastroenterol, 2004; 99:1585–1604.
11.
MarklandAD, BurgioKL, WhiteheadWE, et al.: Loperamide versus psyllium fiber for treatment of fecal incontinence: The fecal incontinence prescription (Rx) management (FIRM) randomized clinical trial. Dis Colon Rectum, 2015; 58:983–993.
12.
OstaszkiewiczJ, Dickson-SwiftV, HutchinsonA, WaggA: A concept analysis of dignity-protective continence care for care dependent older people in long-term care settings. BMC Geriatr, 2020; 20:266.
13.
MooreZE, WebsterJ: Dressings and topical agents for preventing pressure ulcers. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2018; 12:CD009362.
14.
OuslanderJG, SimmonsS, SchnelleJ, et al.: Effects of prompted voiding on fecal continence among nursing home residents. J Am Geriatr Soc, 1996; 44:424–428.
15.
PalmerMH: Incontinence. The magnitude of the problem. Nurs Clin North Am, 1988; 23:139–157.
16.
WhiteleyI, SinclairG: Faecal management systems for disabling incontinence or wounds. Br J Nurs, 2014; 23:881–885.
17.
SparksD, ChaseD, HeatonB, et al.: Rectal trauma and associated hemorrhage with the use of the ConvaTec Flexi-Seal fecal management system: Report of 3 cases. Dis Colon Rectum, 2010; 53:346–349.
