StevensonDG, DaltonJB, GrabowskiDC, HuskampHA: Nearly half of all Medicare hospice enrollees received care from agencies owned by regional or national chains. Health Aff, 2015; 34:30–38.
5.
StevensonDG, GrabowskiDC, KeatingNL, et al.: Effect of ownership on hospice service use: 2005–2011. J Am Geriatr Soc, 2016; 64:1024–1031.
6.
AldridgeMD, SchlesingerM, BarryCL, et al.: National hospice survey results: For-profit status, community engagement, and service. JAMA Intern Med, 2014; 174:500–506.
7.
CanavanME, AldridgeMD, SipsmaHL, et al.: Hospice for nursing home residents: Does ownership type matter?. J Palliat Med, 2013; 16:1221–1226.
8.
CherlinEJ, CarlsonMD, HerrinJ, et al.: Interdisciplinary staffing patterns: Do for-profit and nonprofit hospices differ?. J Palliat Med, 2010; 13:389–394.
9.
GandhiSO: Differences between non-profit and for-profit hospices: Patient selection and quality. Int J Health Care Finance Econ, 2012; 12:107–127.
10.
BerryLL: Discovering the Soul of Service. New York, NY: Free Press, 1999.
11.
MackeyJ, SisodiaRS: Conscious Capitalism: Liberating the Heroic Spirit of Business. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Publishing, 2013.
12.
SisodiaRS, ShethJN, WolfeDB: Firms of Endearment, 2nd ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, 2014.
WangSY, AldridgeMD, CanavanM, et al.: Continuous home care reduces hospice disenrollment and hospitalization after hospice enrollment. J Pain Sympt Manage, 2016; 52:813–821.
Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Inspector General. “Hospices inappropriately billed Medicare over $250 million for general inpatient care.”. 2016. http://oig.hhs.gov/oei/reports/oei-02-10-00491.pdf (last accessed January23, 2017).
18.
LorenzKA, EttnerSL, RosenfeldKE, et al.: Cash and compassion: Profit status and the delivery of hospice services. J Palliat Med, 2002; 5:507–514.
19.
TenoJM, PlotzkeM, GozaloP, MorV: A national study of live discharges from hospice. J Palliat Med, 2014; 17:1121–1127.
20.
TenoJM, BowmanJ, PlotzkeM, et al.: Characteristics of hospice programs with problematic live discharges. J Pain Sympt Manage, 2015; 50; 548–552.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services, 42CFR Part 418. Federal Register, June5, 2008; 73:32211. Hospice conditions of Participation; Final Rule. http://edocket.access.gpo.gov/2008/pdf/08-1305.pdf (Last accessed January5, 2017).
24.
TenoJM, PlotzkeM, ChristianT, GozaloP: Examining variation in hospice visits by professional staff in the last 2 days of life. JAMA Intern Med, 2016; 176:364–370.
National Hospice and Palliative Care Organization. NHPCO FY 2012 National Summary of Hospice Care. November2013. Access limited to NHPCO Members. Contact NHPCO at NHPCO.org.
27.
GroffAC, CollaCH, LeeTH: Days spent at home—A patient-centered goal and outcome. N Engl J Med, 2016; 375:1610–1612.
28.
BarnatoAE, HerndonMB, AnthonyDL, et al.: Are regional variations in end-of-life care intensity explained by patient preference? A study of the US Medicare population. Med Care, 2007; 45:386–393.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services. CAHPS® Hospice Survey. www.hospicecahpssurvey.org (Last accessed January4, 2017).
31.
ConnorS, TenoJ, SpenceC, SmithN: Family evaluation of hospice care: Results from voluntary submission of data via website. J Pain and Symptom Management, 2005; 30:9–17.
32.
LandersS: Repeat after me: ‘Hospice means more care, not less.’. Huff Post Healthy Living, February8, 2016.