GorskiLA: Positive inotropic drug infusions for patients with heart failure: Current controversies and best practice. Hom Healthc Nurs, 2002; 20:244–253.
5.
OlivaF, LatiniR, PolitiA, et al.: Intermittent 6-month low-dose dobutamine infusion in severe heart failure: DICE multicenter trial. Am Heart J, 1999; 138:247–253.
6.
Marius-NunezAL, HeaneyL, FernandezRN, et al.: Intermittent inotropic therapy in an outpatient setting: A cost-effective therapeutic modality in patients with refractory heart failure. Am Heart J, 1996; 132:805–808.
7.
López-CandalesA, VoraT, GibbonsW, et al.: Symptomatic improvement in patients treated with intermittent infusion of inotropes: A double-blind placebo controled pilot study. J Med, 2002; 33:129–146.
8.
López-CandalesAL, CarronC, SchwartzJ: Need for hospice and palliative care services in patients with end-stage heart failure treated with intermittent infusion of inotropes. Clin Cardiol, 2004; 27:23–28.
9.
KrellMJ, KlineEM, BatesER, et al.: Intermittent, ambulatory dobutamine infusions in patients with severe congestive heart failure. Am Heart J, 1986; 112:787–791.
10.
CesarioD, ClarkJ, MaiselA: Beneficial effects of intermittent home administration of the inotrope/vasodilator milrinone in patients with end-stage congestive heart failure: A preliminary study. Am Heart J, 1998; 135:121–129.
11.
HershbergerRE, NaumanD, WalkerTL, et al.: Care processes and clinical outcomes of continuous outpatient support with inotropes (COSI) in patients with refractory endstage heart failure. J Card Fail, 2003; 9:180–187.
12.
GheorghiadeM, GattisWA, KleinL: OPTIME in CHF trial: Rethinking the use of inotropes in the management of worsening chronic heart failure resulting in hospitalization. Eur J Heart Fail, 2003; 5:9–12.
13.
ElisA, BentalT, KimchiO, et al.: Intermittent dobutamine treatment in patients with chronic refractory congestive heart failure: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Clin Pharmacol Ther, 1998; 63:682–685.
14.
AmsallemE, KasparianC, HaddourG, et al.: Phosphodiesterase III inhibitors for heart failure. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2005; 1.
15.
ThackrayS, EasthaughJ, FreemantleN, ClelandJGF: The effectiveness and relative effectiveness of intravenous inotropic drugs acting through the adrenergic pathway in patients with heart failure: A meta-regression analysis. Eur J Heart Fail, 2002; 4:515–529.
EwyGA: Inotropic infusions for chronic congestive heart failure: Medical miracles or misguided medicinals?. J Am Coll Cardiol, 1999; 33:572–575.
18.
GorodeskiEZ, ChuEC, ReeseJR, et al.: Prognosis on chronic dobutamine or milrinone infusions for stage D heart failure. Circ Heart Fail, 2009; 2:320–324.
19.
SindoneAP, KeoghAM, MacdonaldPS, et al.: Continuous home ambulatory intravenous inotropic drug therapy in severe heart failure: Safety and cost efficacy. Am Heart J, 1997; 134:889–900.
20.
NanasJN, KontoyannisDA, AlexopoulosGP, et al.: Long-term intermittent dobutamine infusion combined with oral amiodarone improves the survival of patients with severe congestive heart failure. Chest, 2001; 119:1173–1178.
21.
BuzasR: Vantage Home Infusion Therapy Services. (Personal communication, February6, 2014.)
