Abstract
Abstract
Background:
Although many patients enter hospice close to death, some enroll for more than six months. In 2011 the U.S. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) required that these long-stay patients receive a face-to-face visit by a physician or nurse practitioner to ensure that they continue to meet eligibility criteria.
Objectives:
This study proposed to determine whether the face-to-face visit requirement increased the rate at which patients were decertified from hospice.
Design:
The study was a retrospective cohort study in six U.S. hospices. Decertification from hospice within 10 months of enrollment was measured.
Results:
Of 23,638 patients, 11,788 (49.9%) would have been affected by the face-to-face requirement. In bivariate analysis, there was a significant decrease in the decertification rate after the requirement was implemented—371/11,788 (3.2%) versus 578/11,850 (4.9%); odds ration (OR): 0.63; 95% CI 0.55–0.72; p<0.001. In a multivariable logistic regression model adjusting for changes in patient characteristics and clustered by hospice, there was still a reduction in decertifications—3.4% versus 5.2%; OR 0.67; 95% CI 0.47–0.97; p=0.034. Although the impact of the face-to-face requirement varied among hospices, all hospices had a decrease in decertification rates (absolute adjusted reduction between 1.4% and 3.6%).
Conclusions:
The face-to-face requirement may decrease hospice discharges, contrary to its intention.
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