In Vivo Antihepatotoxic Effects of Ligularia fischeri var. spiciformis and the Identification of the Active Component,3,4-Dicaffeoylquinic Acid

Abstract

Pretreatment with a methanolic extract of Ligularia fischeri var. spiciformis (Compositae) herb inhibited hepatotoxicities caused by CCl₄, D-galactosamine (GalN), α-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT), and DL-ethionine in rats. An ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extract fractionated from the methanolic extract showed a strong inhibitory effect. A major component, 3,4- dicaffeoylquinic acid (DCQA), isolated from the methanolic extract was examined for antihepatotoxicity. Pretreatment with DCQA (5 and 10 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly reduced serum aminotransferases (alanine and aspartate), sorbitol dehydrogenase,γ-glutamyltransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and lactate dehydrogenase activities during CCl₄- or GalN-induced hepatotoxicity, suggesting that DCQA is a major principle for the antihepatotoxic activity of L. fischeri var. spiciformis. DCQA also partially restored bile flow and reduced total bilirubin and cholic acid concentrations in rats with ANIT-induced cholestasis. Treatment with DCQA inhibited the increase in triglyceride, cholesterol, and total lipids in DL-ethionine-induced fatty liver. These results support the traditionally held belief that this plant can be used for the treatment of jaundice and hepatic failure.