T helper 17 (Th17) cells and related cytokines are important in multiple sclerosis (MS), which have become the new therapeutic targets of MS. In published studies, the effect of interferon-β (IFN-β) on the proportion of Th17 cells and related cytokines in MS patients remains controversial. We did a meta-analysis to assess the role of IFN-β on Th17 cells and related cytokines in MS patients. Compared with control subjects, MS patients with IFN-β treatment had a lower proportion of Th17 cells in CD4+ T cells of peripheral blood [−1.49 (−2.96 to −0.02)], interleukin (IL)-17 level [−1.08 (−1.77 to −0.40)], and IL-23 level [−1.63 (−2.59 to −0.68)] in serum. The results showed that IFN-β can reduce the proportion of Th17 cells, the levels of IL-17 and IL-23 in serum of MS.
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