Diabetes mellitus affects the morphology and plasticity of the brain, leading to cognitive and electrophysiological impairment. We aim to determine effects of caffeine on brain Na+/K+-ATPase activity in streptozotocin-induced diabetic female rats.
Methods:
Female Wistar rats weighing about 180–200 g were used for the study and were divided into three study groups. Study groups A 1, 2, 3 were healthy rats administered 15, 20, 25 mg/kg caffeine intraperitoneally (i.p), respectively, for 5 weeks; study groups B 1, 2, 3 administered 15, 20, 25 mg/kg caffeine (i.p), respectively, for 5 weeks and maintained on caffeine for 3 weeks after diabetes induction; study groups C 1, 2, 3, were diabetic rats administered 15, 20, 25 mg/kg caffeine (i.p), respectively, for 3 weeks; control and diabetic untreated were administered normal saline. After administration, brains were homogenized in sucrose solution and kept at 4°C. Enzyme assay was conducted.
Results:
A significant (p < 0.05) decrease in Na+/K+-ATPase activity of diabetic untreated (250.9 ± 0.26) when compared with control (415.6 ± 0.26). Study groups A 1, 2, 3 showed an increase in Na+/K+-ATPase activities (1022.0 ± 0.51, 825.0 ± 0.22, 498.6 ± 0.04, respectively). Study groups B 1 and 3 showed a significant decrease in Na+/K+-ATPase activities (280.0 ± 0.40 and 232.4 ± 0.34, respectively) when compared with control and a significant increase in group 2 (374.0 ± 0.34) when compared with diabetic group. Diabetic rats in study C (groups 1, 2, 3) showed an increase in Na+/K+-ATPase activities (468.8 ± 0.51, 428.5 ± 0.50, and 259.9 ± 0.20, respectively) when compared with diabetic untreated.
Conclusion:
This study shows that caffeine at low to moderate doses improves the brain Na+/K+-ATPase activities in diabetic rats.
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