To properly control dermatomycosis, we investigated the factors associated with dermatomycosis in a Japanese prison. This cross-sectional study was conducted in a Japanese male prison in June 2022. The dependent variable was dermatomycosis diagnosis. The independent variables were safety shoe use, bathroom type, room type, and comorbidities. The results were adjusted for age and the duration of incarceration. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed. Among 478 individuals aged 20–89 years, 113 (23.6%) were diagnosed with dermatomycosis. The odds ratios of communal bath use and rash requiring topical steroid treatment were 2.26 and 2.02, respectively. The population-attributable fraction of steroid use was 53.5%. Communal bath and rash requiring topical steroid treatment were factors associated with dermatomycosis.
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