Abstract
ABSTRACT
The advective transport and diffusive transport of phenol through a soil liner material improved with organophilic bentonites was studied. The results were compared with the transport of phenol through the unimproved soil, a silty sand with a natural clay minerals content of approximately 5%, and through samples which were blended with a common calcium bentonite. With an increasing amount of added organophilic bentonite the adsorption capacity of the liner material and the contaminant retention increase. The diffusive transport of phenol is significantly retarded in the presence of organophilic bentonites, whereas the addition of a common hydrophilic calcium bentonite to the liner material only reduces the hydraulic permeability. There is little contaminant retention due to a low adsorption capacity for phenol of the hydrophilic bentonite. The diffusion is independent on the permeability of a liner material.
In the appendix, the significance and the velocity of the hydraulic and diffusive contaminant transport of phenol as an organic test compound in a mineral sealing layer were studied. In a natural, hydrophilic, 1 m-thick liner, diffusion was calculated to be the faster transport mechanism. In the presence of organophilic bentonites the diffusive transport of phenol was found to be considerably hindered.
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