Abstract
ABSTRACT
When containerized liquid wastes, bound on sorbents, are introduced into a rotary kiln in a batch mode, transient phenomena involving vaporization of the waste, and mass and heat transfer into the sorbent can allow a rapid release of waste vapor into the kiln environment, a displacement of excess oxygen from the primary flame, and formation of a "puff." This transient puff then travels to the afterburner and, if it is too large, can result in a failure mode of the incinerator system. Previous experimental work by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency on a specially designed Rotary Kiln Incinerator Simulator has shown that, for liquid wastes, puffs are very easily generated, and that their magnitudes and intensities increase with increasing kiln temperature and increasing kiln rotation speed. This paper presents a theoretical model which was designed both to provide insight into why this is so, and to predict how the generation of puffs in general is controlled by waste properties, sorbent properties, and kiln operating parameters.
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