Abstract
ABSTRACT
The problems associated with the economical and safe management of industrial wastes have grown increasingly complex and dynamic during the last few decades. Practical solutions to waste management problems by industry typically require a multifaceted approach for most waste streams, particularly those containing hazardous wastes. Waste transfer or exchange between firms, as an alternative to other management methods such as land disposal or incineration, is becoming economically more attractive for many firms. In addition, the recent trend in regulations is toward encouraging recycling and waste reuse. The costs of properly managing hazardous wastes via treatment or disposal are relatively expensive. The exchange and reuse of waste materials may result in on-going revenues that can be used to defray operating costs. Waste exchanges, through their broad networks of contacts, help to identify resource reuse opportunities.
The historical development of the network of non-profit and for-profit waste exchanges that has developed throughout North America is outlined and current characteristics are identified. Recent cooperation among exchanges has resulted in the development of the National Waste Exchange Data Base. This on-line computer information service provides manufacturers and recyclers with a new marketing tool to meet short-term (spot market) and long-term recycling needs. The role of exchanges in helping companies comply with recent federal waste certification and minimization requirements is explained.
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