Mucopolysaccharidose type I is a lysosomal storage disease caused by a deficiency in the enzyme α-l-iduronidase (IDUA). The existence of a secretory pathway for lysosomal enzymes and the capture of secreted molecules by distant cells through binding to mannose-6-phosphate receptors have provided a rationale for enzyme replacement therapy in lysosomal storage diseases. We have used genetically modified fibroblasts implanted into neo-organs as an in vivo delivery system for IDUA. The human IDUA cDNA was isolated and inserted into a retroviral vector where it was expressed from the phosphoglycerate kinase 1 gene promoter. MPS I fibroblasts transduced with this vector showed high levels of IDUA activity and secreted phosphory-lated molecules that could be internalized by naive deficient cells. Neo-organs containing 2 × 107 IDUA-secreting cells were implanted into nude mice. Human and murine IDUA activities were measured in the liver and spleen of animals sacrificed 35–77 days after implantation. Human IDUA activity corresponded to 0.6–2.3% of the murine enzyme activity in the liver and to 0.1–0.3% in the spleen. These data indicated that human IDUA was secreted from neo-organs and internalized in distant tissues.
Overview summary
An approach for enzyme replacement in mucopolysaccharidose type I (MPS I) has been examined. Skin fibroblasts were transduced with a retroviral vector containing the human α-l-iduronidase cDNA and implanted as neo-organs in nude mice. The presence of the human enzyme in the liver and spleen was detected in treated animals. These data suggest that the implantation of engineered fibroblasts into neo-organs may be of a therapeutic benefit in MPS.
