Primary Uterine Lymphoma: A Very Rare Case

Abstract

Abstract

Background:

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection results in impaired cellular immunity, which predisposes patients to neoplasms. It is estimated that 25%–40% of infected patients will develop malignancies. Primary lymphomas rarely involve the female genital tract. Several subtypes of lymphomas arising primarily in the uterus have been reported, with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma being the most common.

Case:

This article reports on a case of a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the endometrium in a 42-year-old woman with an HIV infection. The diagnosis was established after a total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy were done for uterine leiomyomas and abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB). The patient was given antiretroviral therapy and was treated with six cycles of chemotherapy.

Results:

This patient achieved complete remission and, at the fourth year of follow-up, she remains free of disease.

Conclusions:

This was a case of a very rare cause of AUB in a patient with HIV. Although rare, in patients with HIV who have AUB, this etiology should be considered. This report of this uncommon case of a primary endometrial lymphoma could help improve understanding of the pathologic characteristics and best treatment options for these patients. (J GYNECOL SURG 34:217)