Background: The anus and perianus may be affected by a variety of conditions. As providers of gynecologic health care branch out into the evaluation of anal neoplasia, familiarity with other anal and perianal lesions will be helpful if a patient with such a lesion is encountered. Objective: A brief discussion of anal anatomy and histology is provided. This review, then, discusses the more common lesions found in this area of the body. A list of less-common anal lesions is also provided. Conclusions: Familiarity with anal lesions will help gynecologic practitioners who are screening for anal neoplasia when it is encountered, and facilitate communication and appropriate referrals if necessary. (J GYNECOL SURG 31:123)
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
FengerC. Anal canal. In: MillsSE, ed. Histology for Pathologists, 4th ed. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2012:709.
2.
PfenningerJL, ZaineaGG. Common anorectal conditions. Obstet Gynecol, 2001; 98:1130.
3.
GopalDV. Diseases of the rectum and anus: A clinical approach to common disorders. Clin Cornerstone., 2002; 4:34.
4.
HamadaniA, HaighPI, LiuIA, AbbasMA. Who is at risk for developing chronic anal fistula or recurrent anal sepsis after initial perianal abscess?. Dis Colon Rectum, 2009; 52:217.
5.
DenisJ, GanansiaR, Puy-MontbrunT. Rare anorectal pathologic conditions. Curr Op Gen Surg, 1994; 103.
6.
ShawkiS, WexnerSD. Idiopathic fistula-in-ano. World J Gastroenterol, 2001; 17:3277.
7.
ZhuQC, ShenRR, QinHL, WangY. Solitary rectal ulcer syndrome: Clinical features, pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment strategies. World J Gastroenterol, 2014; 20:738.
8.
SidesC, TrinidadMC, HeitlingerL, AnastiJ. Crohn disease and the gynecologic patient. Obstet Gynecol Surv, 2013; 68:51.
9.
CabreraH, SkoczdopoleL, MariniM, Della GiovannaP, SapanaroA, EcheverriaC. Necrotizing gangrene of the genitalia and perineum. Int J Dermatol, 2002; 41:847.
10.
ShiaJ. An update on tumors of the anal canal. Arch Pathol Lab Med, 2010; 134:1601.
11.
DarraghTM, ColganTJ, CoxJT, et al.The Lower Anogenital Squamous Terminology Standardization Project for HPV-Associated Lesions: Background and Consensus Recommendations From the College of American Pathologists and the American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology. Int J Gynecol Pathol, 2013; 32:76.
