Background: Cyclins are key components in the regulation of the cell cycle were in combination with their respective cyclin-dependent kinases (cdks). Objectives: The purposes of this study were to evaluate the expression of cyclin D1 in hyperplasia and endometrial carcinoma and, to see the variation of cyclin D1 expression in various tumor types, especially serous and endometrioid carcinomas. Materials and Methods: A total of 50 cases, including 41 hystrectomy specimens and 9 endometrial biopsies were used in the study. Cases of normal endometrium (36%), simple hyperplasia (28%), complex hyperplasia (8%), and endometrial adenocarcinoma (28%) were diagnosed following established histopathologic criteria. The intensity and extent of nuclear staining for cyclin D1 was evaluated. Results: A statistical difference was found in extent of cyclin D1 positivity of complex hyperplasia and carcinoma of the endometrium. None of the cases of serous carcinoma showed cyclin D1 immunoreactivity. No correlation was seen between cyclin D1 expression and clinicopathologic parameters in endometrioid carcinomas. Conclusions: It was inferred that cyclin D 1 expression is a quantitative molecular dysregulation that is increasing progressively from complex hyperplasia to carcinoma of the endometrium. This defines the gene's role in endometrial carcinogenesis as an informative biomarker. This biomarker can be used to recognize subsets of endometrial lesions that may be precancerous and responsive to surgical therapy. In addition, lesions that may be responsive to hormonal manipulation can be excluded. (J GYNECOL SURG 30:1)
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