Background: Sclerosing stromal tumor of the ovary is a rare benign subtype of sex cord stromal tumor. It is a condition that predominantly affects young women in the second and third decades of life. Usually it is unilateral, and it mostly involves the right side. Case: An unusual case of a large sclerosing stromal tumor of the ovary in a 57-year-old postmenopausal woman without major complaints is presented. Physical examination revealed only abdominal tenderness and distension. The transvaginal ultrasound and the computed tomography scan showed a pelvic mass with cystic and solid components. Results: Laparotomy was performed afterward, and the final pathologic diagnosis was sclerosing stromal tumor of the ovary. The patient recovered well after surgical intervention. Conclusions: Imaging modalities, particularly magnetic resonance imaging, may play an important role in the preoperative diagnosis of sclerosing stromal tumors of the ovary. Although presumably benign, their behavior is not fully understood. (J GYNECOL SURG 29:303)
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