Background: Primary teratomas of the Fallopian tube are uncommon, and only about 58 cases have been reported in the world literature. A Fallopian-tube teratoma undergoing a malignant transformation is extremely rare. Case: This article reports such a case in a 50-year-old postmenopausal female who presented with pain and and a lump in her abdomen. Preoperatively and on ultrasonography, a diagnosis of an ovarian cyst was made. Exploratory laparotomy revealed a mass arising from the left Fallopian tube, with both ovaries being unremarkable. On histopathology, squamous-cell carcinoma, arising from a mature cystic teratoma was diagnosed. Results: Although, the patient underwent chemotherapy after the surgery, she died from progression of the disease 9 months afterward. Conclusions: As the incidence of malignancy of the Fallopian tube is very low, and tubal teratoma undergoing malignant transformation has not been reported so far, this report of such a rare case highlights the need for considering this possibility in differential diagnoses of adnexal masses. (J GYNECOL SURG 28:161)
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