Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is an anti-inflammatory cytokine whose levels are elevated in patients with severe COVID-19. IL-10 polymorphisms may play a role in increasing IL-10 levels and the severity of COVID-19. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between IL-10 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs1800896 [−1082 C < T], rs1800871 [−819 A > G], and rs1800872 [−592 T > G]) and the severity of COVID-19 in patients from Kermanshah Province, Iran.
Methods:
A total of 150 patients with mild COVID-19 (84 men and 66 women aged 40.1 ± 12.44 years) and 143 patients with severe COVID-19 (76 men and 67 women aged 61.04 ± 15.65 years) participated in this study. Blood samples were collected from the patients, DNA was extracted, and the genotype of each SNPs was determined using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method.
Result:
The results of this study did not show a significant relationship between the genotypes of the three studied SNPs and the severity of COVID-19 (p > 0.05).
Conclusion:
According to our findings, these SNPs were not associated with COVID-19 severity in patients in Kermanshah.
AbboodSJA, AnvariE, FatehA. Association between interleukin-10 gene polymorphisms (rs1800871, rs1800872, and rs1800896) and severity of infection in different SARS-CoV-2 variants. Hum Genomics, 2023; 17(1):19; doi: 10.1186/s40246-023-00468-6
3.
AdliA, RahimiM, KhodaieR, et al.Role of genetic variants and host polymorphisms on COVID-19: From viral entrance mechanisms to immunological reactions. J Med Virol, 2022; 94(5):1846-1865; doi: 10.1002/jmv.27615
4.
Avendaño-FélixM, Ochoa-RamírezLA, Ramos-PayánR, et al.Lack of effects of the genetic polymorphisms of interleukin-10 in clinical outcomes of covid-19. Viral Immunol, 2021; 34(8):567-572; doi: 10.1089/vim.2021.0022
5.
BarrettD. IL-6 blockade in cytokine storm syndromes. In: Cytokine Storm Syndrome. (Cronsd, BehrensEM., eds.) Springer International Publishing: Cham, 2019; pp. 561-568.
6.
BaturLK, HekimN. Correlations of IL-6, IL-6R, IL-10 and IL-17 gene polymorphisms with the prevalence of COVID-2019 infection and its mortality rate. Research Square, 2020; doi: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-82662/v1
7.
ChamsN, ChamsS, BadranR, et al.COVID-19: A multidisciplinary review. Front Public Health, 2020; 8:383; doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00383
8.
ChannappanavarR, PerlmanS. Pathogenic human coronavirus infections: Causes and consequences of cytokine storm and immunopathology. Semin Immunopathol, 2017; 39(5):529-539; doi: 10.1007/s00281-017-0629-x
9.
FalahiS, ZamanianMH, FeizollahiP, et al.Evaluation of the relationship between IL-6 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms and the severity of COVID-19 in an Iranian population. Cytokine, 2022; 154:155889; doi: 10.1016/j.cyto.2022.155889
10.
GaoJ, WeiL, FuR, et al.Association of interleukin-10 polymorphisms (rs1800872, rs1800871, and rs1800896) with predisposition to IgA nephropathy in a Chinese Han population: A case-control study. Kidney Blood Press Res, 2017; 42(1):89-98; doi: 10.1159/000471899
11.
GongMN, ThompsonBT, WilliamsPL, et al.Interleukin-10 polymorphism in position -1082 and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Eur Respir J, 2006; 27(4):674-681; doi: 10.1183/09031936.06.00046405
12.
GuptaKK, KhanMA, SinghSK. Constitutive inflammatory cytokine storm: A major threat to human health. J Interferon Cytokine Res, 2019; 40(1):19-23; doi: 10.1089/jir.2019.0085
13.
HanH, MaQ, LiC, et al.Profiling serum cytokines in COVID-19 patients reveals IL-6 and IL-10 are disease severity predictors. Emerg Microbes Infect, 2020; 9(1):1123-1130; doi: 10.1080/22221751.2020.1770129
14.
HaukimN, BidwellJL, SmithAJP, et al.Cytokine gene polymorphism in human disease: On-line databases (Supplement 2). Genes Immun, 2002; 3(6):313-330; doi: 10.1038/sj.gene.6363881
15.
IyerSS, ChengG. Role of interleukin 10 transcriptional regulation in inflammation and autoimmune disease. Crit Rev Immunol, 2012; 32(1):23-63; doi: 10.1615/critrevimmunol.v32.i1.30
16.
JavorJ, ChmurovaN, ParnickaZ, et al.TNF-α and IL-10 gene polymorphisms show a weak association with pemphigus vulgaris in the Slovak population. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol, 2010; 24(1):65-68; doi: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2009.03260.x
17.
Karcioglu BaturL, HekimN. Correlation between interleukin gene polymorphisms and current prevalence and mortality rates due to novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-2019) in 23 countries. J Med Virol, 2021; 93(10):5853-5863; doi: 10.1002/jmv.27127
18.
KeshavarzM, NamdariH, FarahmandM, et al.Association of polymorphisms in inflammatory cytokines encoding genes with severe cases of influenza A/H1N1 and B in an Iranian population. Virol J, 2019; 16(1):79; doi: 10.1186/s12985-019-1187-8
19.
LaurentGJ, ShapiroSD. Encyclopedia of Respiratory Medicine. Elsevier Science: 2006.
20.
LiL, XiongW, LiD, et al.Association of interleukin-10 polymorphism (rs1800896, rs1800871, and rs1800872) with breast cancer risk: An updated meta-analysis based on different ethnic groups. Front Genet, 2022; 13:829283; doi: 10.3389/fgene.2022.829283
21.
LuL, ZhangH, DaupharsDJ, et al.A potential role of interleukin 10 in COVID-19 pathogenesis. Trends Immunol, 2021; 42(1):3-5; doi: 10.1016/j.it.2020.10.012
MohammadiS, Saghaeian JaziM, Zare EbrahimabadM, et al.Interleukin 10 gene promoter polymorphisms (rs1800896, rs1800871 and rs1800872) and haplotypes are associated with the activity of systemic lupus erythematosus and IL10 levels in an Iranian population. Int J Immunogenet, 2019; 46(1):20-30; doi: 10.1111/iji.12407
24.
Niedźwiedzka-RystwejP, MajchrzakA, KurkowskaS, et al.Immune signature of COVID-19: In-depth reasons and consequences of the cytokine storm. IJMS, 2022; 23(9):4545; doi: 10.1111/iji.12407
25.
RezaeiN. Coronavirus Disease - COVID-19. Springer International Publishing:2021.
26.
RizviS, RizviSMS, RazaST, et al.Implication of single nucleotide polymorphisms in Interleukin-10 gene (rs1800896 and rs1800872) with severity of COVID-19. Egypt J Med Hum Genet, 2022; 23(1):145; doi: 10.1186/s43042-022-00344-3
27.
RogoLD, RezaeiF, MarashiSM, et al.Seasonal influenza A/H3N2 virus infection and IL-1Β, IL-10, IL-17, and IL-28 polymorphisms in Iranian population. J Med Virol, 2016; 88(12):2078-2084; doi: 10.1002/jmv.24572
28.
SaraivaM, VieiraP, O’GarraA. Biology and therapeutic potential of interleukin-10. J Exp Med, 2019; 217(1); doi: 10.1084/jem.20190418
29.
Soltani-ZangbarMS, ParhizkarF, GhaediE, et al.A comprehensive evaluation of the immune system response and type-I interferon signaling pathway in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Cell Commun Signal, 2022; 20(1):106; doi: 10.1186/s12964-022-00903-6
30.
VojganiM. Immunology. Tehran University Jihad Organization: Tehran; 2020.
31.
YangX, YuY, XuJ, et al.Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: A single-centered, retrospective, observational study. Lancet Respir Med, 2020; 8(5):475-481; doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30079-5
