Commentary on “Evidence of Biofilm and Persister Cell Formation in Revision Rhinoplasty” by Kao et al.

Kao WT , Faddis B , Chole R , Davis R . Evidence of biofilm and persister cell formation in revision rhinoplasty. Facial Plastic Surg Aesthet Med. 2022:24(3):227–232.

Yoo DB , Peng GL , Azizzadeh B , Nassif PS . Microbiology and antibiotic prophylaxis in rhinoplasty: a review of 363 consecutive cases. JAMA Facial Plast Surg. 2015; 17(1):23–27.

Ishii LE , Tollefson TT , Basura GJ , et al. Clinical practice guideline: improving nasal form and function after rhinoplasty. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2017; 156(2_,suppl):S1–S30.

Kullar R , Frisenda J , Nassif PS . The more the merrier? Should antibiotics be used for rhinoplasty and septorhinoplasty? a review. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. 2018; 6(10):e1972.

Toriumi DM , Kowalczyk DM , Cristel RT , et al. Evaluation of postoperative infection rates in 3084 rhinoplasty cases using antibiotic soaks and/or irrigations. Facial Plast Surg Aesthet Med. 2021; 23(5):368–374.