The Effect of Increased Latin American Representation in Investigative Genetic Genealogy Databases on Unidentified Remains Cases

Abstract

Since 2018, Investigative Genetic Genealogy (IGG) has emerged as a leading method to facilitate the identification of unidentified human remains (UHRs). However, challenges remain in identifying the unidentified of Latin American descent owing to lack of representation in accessible genetic genealogy databases. In an effort to facilitate identification of Latin American and Indigenous UHRs, Ramapo College of New Jersey IGG Center distributed 71 DNA kits in Tucson, Arizona, in the Spring of 2023 to individuals of Latin American descent. After this initial DNA drive, data for new genetic associations (matches) was collected from five different IGG organizations for 26 UHR cases. The DNA drive resulted in new genetic associations in 21 Latin American or Indigenous UHR cases. New genetic associations sharing greater than 20 cM were noted in 10 UHR cases. At least two cases’ new matches resulted in the discovery of common ancestor couples. However, no cases were reported to be resolved directly as a result of the project. Participants’ attitudes toward IGG and the DNA drive were generally positive. Many participants lacked knowledge about publicly accessible genetic genealogy databases. Participants in this project were given control over their DNA test results. Ramapo College IGG Center will continue to measure the long-term impact of this project and DNA drives held after the initial drive. Further study is needed to measure factors that limit identification using IGG.