Abstract
Purpose:
To investigate the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of the KangDuo-Surgical Robot-01 (KD-SR-01) system for robot-assisted radical nephroureterectomy (RARNU).
Materials and Methods:
This prospective, single-center, single-arm clinical study of patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) was conducted from August 2022 to July 2023 using the KD-SR-01 system. The perioperative and follow-up data were prospectively recorded. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration task load index was calculated to present ergonomics. The technique was described in detail.
Results:
A total of 13 patients underwent RARNU. None of the cases conversed to laparoscopic procedure or open procedure. The median docking time and console time were 524 seconds (range 139–963 seconds) and 102.2 minutes (range 55.3–249.3 minutes), respectively. The median estimated blood loss was 40 mL (range 10–100 mL). None of the patients required intraoperative blood transfusion. The median postoperative hospital stay was 4 days (range 2–7 days). Intraoperative or postoperative complications (Clavien–Dindo grade I) occurred in nine patients. The surgeon task load index global score achieved 1.05 ± 1.86. Three patients received the single-docking technique, demonstrating similar perioperative results compared with patients with redocking. The study is registered at www.chictr.org.cn (ChiCTR2200056672).
Conclusions:
The KD-SR-01 system was feasible, safe, and effective for RARNU.
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