Abstract
Objective:
For novice surgeons, successful laparoscopic radical nephrectomy depends on the treatment of the renal vessels, and the use of computed tomography assists in navigation during the surgery.
Methods:
To navigate during surgery, three-dimensional volume-rendered images of the renal vessels, kidneys, and surrounding organs were created intraoperatively by the surgeon using an image-processing application. A surgeon adjusted the angle of view and the size of the images according to surgical views during the operation, using a wireless mouse enclosed in a sterilized bag. These images were simultaneously fused onto live video using image-capture software.
Results:
Novice surgeons easily constructed the augmented reality images intraoperatively and were able to successfully treat the renal vessels.
Conclusion:
The combination of three-dimensional computed tomography volume-rendered images with live video is a valuable navigation system for use intraoperatively.
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