Is Seminal Vesiculectomy Necessary in All Patients with Biopsy Gleason Score 6?

Abstract

Background and Purpose:

Radiotherapists are excluding the seminal vesicles (SVs) from their target volume in cases of low-risk prostate cancer. However, these glands are routinely removed in every radical prostatectomy. Dissection of the SVs can damage the pelvic plexus, compromise trigonal, bladder neck, and cavernosal innervation, and contribute to delayed gain of continence and erectile function. In this study we evaluated the oncological benefit of routine removal of the SVs in currently operated patients.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 1003 patients (mean age, 59.7 years) with prostate cancer underwent robot-assisted radical prostatectomy between February 2003 and July 2007.

Results:

Seminal vesicle invasion (SVI) was found in 46 of the operated patients (4.6%). Biopsy Gleason score (BGS), preoperative serum PSA, clinical tumor stage, percent of positive cores, and maximal percentage of cancer in a core had all a significant impact on the risk of SVI. Only 4/634 patients (0.6%) with BGS ≤6 suffered from SVI, as opposed to 42/369 (11.4%) with higher Gleason scores.

Conclusions:

Seminal vesiculectomy does not benefit more than 99% of the patients with BGS ≤6. Considering the potential neural and vascular damage associated with seminal vesiculectomy, we suggest that routine removal of these glands during radical prostatectomy in these cases is not necessary.