Studies on the flux measurements of methane (CH4) from wetlands of tropics are very meagre. Such data from this region would be valuable for generating the emission patterns at local/regional scale and would contribute to the global database. Investigations was done on measuring the daytime pattern of methane emissions during premonsoon, monsoon, and postmonsoon seasons from a tropical wetland system, namely the Vellayani lake located in the urbanized area of Thiruvananthapuram city in Southern India. The difference in the methane flux from the vegetated littoral zone and nonvegetated limnetic zone and the edaphic features controlling the production and emission of methane were also proposed to be studied. Methane emissions were measured using static chamber, and analyses were performed using gas chromatograph. The methane emissions recorded in monsoon season from vegetated littoral zone was significantly higher compared with pre- and postmonsoon seasons, indicating seasonal fluctuations in methane emission from the wetland system. CH4 efflux in the zone of emergent vegetation in the littoral zone was significantly higher than from the nonvegetated limnetic zone indicating the importance of vegetation in methane transport to the atmosphere. Positive correlation of CH4 efflux with edaphic factors like total organic carbon and total nitrogen showed that these factors largely determined the production and emission of methane. These results underlined the fact that the vegetated littoral zones of lake, especially the emergent plant zones were supersaturated with CH4 compared with nonvegetated zones, by facilitating the production of carbon for CH4 emission, and also enabled the release of CH4 by diffusion through the intercellular gas lacunas. The study arrives at the conclusion that the atmospheric CH4 emissions will be tilted by the growth of exotic species and may be the reason for enhancing the climate warming in local/regional environment and may be even important globally.
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