In this study, a microscale Fe0 (mFe0)/H2O2/O3 process was set up to degrade 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) in aqueous solution. First, key operating parameters including initial solution pH, mFe0 dosage, O3 flow rate, and H2O2 dosage on Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) removal efficiency were optimized through single-factor experiments. Under optimal conditions, COD removal efficiency reached 80.2%, and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5)/COD (B/C) ratio was elevated from 0 to 0.61 after 15 min treatment. Moreover, compared with control experiments (i.e., mFe0, O3, H2O2, mFe0/O3, mFe0/H2O2, O3/H2O2, mFe0/H2O2/O2), the mFe0/H2O2/O3 process exerted better performance for degradation of DNP in aqueous solution due to the strong synergistic effect between mFe0, H2O2, and O3. In addition, degradation and transformation of DNP were also analyzed. Finally, a reaction mechanism of mFe0/H2O2/O3 process was proposed. It can be concluded that efficient mFe0/H2O2/O3 process mainly resulted from the combination effects of heterogeneous and homogeneous catalytic ozonation process, Fenton and Fenton-like oxidation process, and direct oxidation process by O3. Therefore, the mFe0/H2O2/O3 process could be proposed as a high-efficient treatment technology for removal of toxic refractory DNP from wastewater.
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