To develop a technology for the degradation of the toxic and refractory pollutants contained in landfill leachate reverse osmosis (RO) concentrate, a γ-Al2O3/O3 system was set up in this study. Landfill leachate RO concentrate was rejected from RO of biologically pretreated raw landfill leachate. First, its key operational parameters, including γ-Al2O3 dosage, ozone dosage, reaction temperature, treatment time, and initial pH value, were optimized through single-factor experiments. Under the optimal conditions, the chemical oxygen demand (COD) (70%) and color (100%) removal efficiencies could be obtained by the γ-Al2O3/O3 process. Meanwhile, the ratio of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) to COD (B/C ratio) was enhanced from 0.01 to 0.2, which suggests that its biodegradability was improved to some extent. Decomposition or transformation of organic pollutants in landfill leachate RO concentrate was analyzed by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, excitation–emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy, and fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Furthermore, the synergetic effect between ozone and alumina was investigated. Collectively, these analyses suggest that γ-Al2O3/O3 process will be a promising technology for the treatment of landfill leachate RO concentrate if the problem of the desorption of pollutants could be solved economically.
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