Fe/Cu bimetallic particles have been proposed as a viable technology for reduction of nitroaromatic pollutants from aqueous solution; however, little data are currently available on its applicability in actual ammunition wastewater. In this study, prepared microsized Fe/Cu bimetallic particles were used to pretreat toxic and refractory ammunition wastewater under oxic conditions. Four key operational parameters, including initial pH (2.0–7.5), aeration rate (0–2.0 L/min), Fe/Cu dosage (5–40 g/L), and reaction time (0–120 min), were optimized, respectively. Furthermore, a Fe0/air process as the control experiment of Fe/Cu/air process was set up under optimal conditions. According to results of COD removal, decoloration, and B/C ratio, the Fe/Cu/air process had a higher treatment efficiency for ammunition wastewater compared with Fe0/air process due to the high reactive Fe/Cu bimetallic particles. Finally, analysis of UV-vis, excitation and emission matrix, and fourier transform infrared reveals that the toxic and refractory pollutants in ammunition wastewater could be decomposed effectively by the Fe/Cu/air process, and they also confirmed the superiority of Fe/Cu/air process. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) suggests that all nitro-aromatic pollutants in ammunition wastewater were removed completely.
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