Lung cancer with highest morbidity and mortality seriously threatens human health worldwide. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) exert important biological functions by acting as microRNA, which is implicated in tumorigenesis and cancer development. Previous work has reported that lncRNA-ATB expression was significantly upregulated in lung adenocarcinoma tissues and promoted tumor progression; however, the mechanisms of lncRNA-ATB in lung squamous carcinoma (LSC) are still fairly elusive. In our study, lncRNA-ATB expression also markedly increases in LSC tissues and cell lines in comparison to the adjacent normal tissues and normal lung epithelial cells, respectively. Functional experiments indicate that lncRNA-ATB overexpression improves the proliferative, migratory, and invasive capabilities of normal lung epithelial cells compared with control group. Furthermore, the migratory and invasive abilities are strikingly inhibited in lncRNA-ATB silenced LSC cells. Mechanistically, lncRNA-ATB directly binds to microRNA-590-5p and downregulates microRNA-590-5p level, leading to the upregulation of NF-90 expression. In addition, lncRNA-ATB overexpression promotes the epithelial–mesenchymal transition process, where lncRNA-ATB overexpression facilitates the expression of mesenchymal phenotype related molecules N-cadherin and vimentin, while restrains the expression of epithelial phenotype related proteins E-cadherin and CK-19, compared to the control. Conversely, microRNA-590-5p mimics can reverse the results caused by lncRNA-ATB overexpression. Taken together, our initial data suggest that lncRNA-ATB overexpression may promote the progression of LSC by modulating the microRNA-590-5p/NF-90 axis.
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