The Carbon Dioxide Laser as an Aid in Apicoectomy: An in Vitro Study

Abstract

Objective: To achieve the required goal of optimally sealing the apical section and the root-canal when performing an apicoectomy, the authors decided to use the CO₂ laser as an additional aid. Summary background data: The CO₂ laser has previously shown to have an excellent sealing effect on dentin surfaces. Methods: In this in vitro study, the authors examined the effects of CO₂ laser application in apicoectomies with the help of color penetration tests and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) examinations. Sections and root canals were irradiated with low power (0.5 W) in continuous wave mode for totally 20 sec. The thermal stress for the adjacent tissues attaching thereto is moderate as shown by infrared–spectroscopy. Results: A comparison with non-irradiated samples revealed that CO₂ laser irradiation reduced color penetration at the section to a minimum. Also, irradiation of the root-canal wall resulted in satisfactory sealing of the surface. These findings were supported by the results of the SEM examinations. Conclusions: CO₂ laser treatment optimally prepares the tooth for final intraoperative filling because of sealing of the dentinal tubules, the resultant elimination of niches for bacteria and the sterilizing effect of the laser.