American Psychiatric Association: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th ed. Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing; 2013.
2.
BenazziF: Parenteral clonazepam for catatonia. Can J Psychiatry, 36:312, 1991.
3.
ClothierJ, PazzagliaP, FreemanTW: Evaluation and treatment of catatonia. Am J Psychiatry, 146:553–554, 1989.
4.
GhaziuddinN, AndersenL, GhaziuddinM: Catatonia in patients with autism spectrum disorder. Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am, 29:443–454, 2020.
5.
GriffinCE, KayeAM, Rivera BuenoF, KayeAD: Benzodiazepine pharmacology and central nervous system-mediated effects. Ochsner J, 13:214–223, 2013.
6.
HaefelyW: Benzodiazepine interactions with GABA receptors. Neurosci Lett, 47:201–206, 1984.
7.
HawkinsJM, ArcherKJ, StrakowskiSM, KeckPE: Somatic treatment of catatonia. Int J Psychiatry Med, 25:345–369, 1995.
8.
HuangT: Lorazepam and diazepam rapidly relieve catatonic signs in patients with schizophrenia. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci, 59:52–55, 2005.
9.
HuangT-L, HuangY-C, LinC-C, HungY-Y: Rapid relief of catatonia in mood disorder by lorazepam and diazepam. Biomed J, 36:35–39, 2013.
10.
HungY-Y, HuangT-L: Lorazepam and diazepam rapidly relieve catatonic features in major depression. Clin Neuropharmacol, 29:144–147, 2006.
11.
HungY-Y, HuangT-L: Lorazepam and diazepam for relieving catatonic features in multiple sclerosis. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry, 31:1537–1538, 2007.
12.
Kaiser Permanente: Benzodiazepine and Z-Drug Safety Guideline. Kaiser Foundation Health Plan of Washington, 2019 [cited 2021 Aug 10]. Available from: https://wa.kaiserpermanente.org/static/pdf/public/guidelines/benzo-zdrug.pdf
13.
KumarR: Acute severe catatonia in a young woman with chronic schizophrenia responding to parenteral clonazepam. Aust N Z J Psychiatry, 35:391, 2001.
14.
LeeJWY, SchwartzDL, HallmayerJ: Catatonia in a psychiatric intensive care facility: incidence and response to benzodiazepines. Ann Clin Psychiatry, 12:89–96, 2000.
15.
MartenyiF, HarangozoJ, ModL: Clonazepam for the treatment of stupor in catatonic schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry, 146:1230, 1989.
16.
McEnvoyJ, LohrJ: Diazepam for catatonia. Am J Psychiatry, 141:284–285, 1984.
17.
NorthoffG: Catatonia and neuroleptic malignant syndrome: Psychopathology and pathophysiology. J Neural Transm, 109:1453–1467, 2002.
18.
PeraltaV, CuestaMJ: Motor features in psychotic disorders. II. Schizophr Res, 47:117–126, 2001.
19.
RaffinM, Zugaj-BensaouL, BodeauN, MilhietV, LaurentC, CohenD, ConsoliA: Treatment use in a prospective naturalistic cohort of children and adolescents with catatonia. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 24:441–449, 2015.
20.
RasmussenSA, MazurekMF, RosebushPI: Catatonia: Our current understanding of its diagnosis, treatment and pathophysiology. World J Psychiatry, 6:391–398, 2016.
21.
SchmiderJ, StandhartH, DeuschleM, DrancoliJ, HeuserI: A double-blind comparison of lorazepam and oxazepam in psychomotor retardation and mutism. Biol Psychiatry, 46:437–441, 1999.
22.
SienaertP, DhosscheDM, VancampfortD, de HertM, GazdagG: A clinical review of the treatment of catatonia. Front Psychiatry, 5:181, 2014.
23.
TibrewalP, NarayanaswamyJ, ZutshiA, SrinivasarajuR, MathSB: Response rate of lorazepam in catatonia: A developing country's perspective. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry, 34:1520–1522, 2010.