Restricted accessLetterFirst published online 2013-05
Periodic Fever and Hyperimmunoglobulin D Syndrome in a Boy with Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Group A β-Hemolytic Streptococcus
AlexanderAA, PatelNJ, SouthammakosaneCA, MortensenMM. Pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infections (PANDAS): an indication for tonsillectomy. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol, 75:872–873. 2011.
2.
American Psychiatric Association: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders4th. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association, 1994.
3.
DrenthJP, HaagsmaCJ, van der MeerJW. Hyperimmunoglobulinemia D and periodic fever syndrome: the clinical spectrum in a series of 50 patients. International Hyper-IgD Study Group. Medicine (Baltimore), 73:133–144. 1994.
4.
KurupRK. Isoprenoid pathway-related membrane dysfunction in neuropsychiatric disease. Int J Neurosci, 113:1579–1591. 2003.
5.
LeckmanJF, RiddleMA, HardinMT, OrtSI, SwartzKL, StevensonJ, CohenDJ. The Yale Global Tic Severity Scale: Initial testing of a clinician-rated scale of tic severity. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 28:566–573. 1989.
6.
LewinAB, StorchEA, MurphyTK. Pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with Streptococcus in identical siblings. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol, 21:177–182. 2011.
7.
LongS. Distinguishing among prolonged, recurrent and periodic fever syndromes: Approach of a pediatric infectious diseases subspecialist. Pediatr Clin N Am, 52:811–835. 2005.
8.
MurphyTK, KurlanR, LeckmanJ. The immunobiology of Tourette's disorder, pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcus, and related disorders: a way forward. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol, 20:317–331. 2010.
9.
PalumboD, MaughanA, KurlanR. Hypothesis III. Tourette syndrome is only one of several causes of a developmental basal ganglia syndrome. Arch Neurol, 54:475–483. 1997.
SimonA, KremerHPH, WeversRA, SchefferH, de JongJG, van der MeerJWM, DrenthJPH. Mevalonate kinase deficiency: Evidence for a phenotypic continuum. Neurology, 62:994–997. 2004.
12.
SniderLA, LougeeL, SlatteryM, GrantP, SwedoSE. Antibiotic prophylaxis with azithromycin or penicillin for childhood-onset neuropsychiatric disorders. Biol Psychiatry, 57:788–792. 2005.
13.
SteichenO, van der HilstJ, SimonA, CuissetL, GrateauG. A clinical criterion to exclude the hyperimmunoglobulin D syndrome (mild mevalonate kinase deficiency) in patients with recurrent fever. J Rheumatol, 36:1677–1681. 2009.
14.
SwedoSE, LeonardHL, GarveyM, MittlemanB, AllenAJ, PerlmutterS, LougeeL, DowS, ZamkoffJ, DubbertBK. Pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infections: Clinical description of the first 50 cases. Am J Psychiatry, 155:2. 1998.
15.
TasDA, DinkciS, ErkenE. Different clinical presentation of the hyperimmunoglobulin D syndrome (HIDS) (four cases from Turkey)Clin Rheumatol, 31:889–893. 2012.
16.
van der HilstJC, BodarEJ, BarronKS, FrenkelJ, DrenthJP, van der MeerJW, SimonA. International HIDS Study Group. Long-term follow-up, clinical features, and quality of life in a series of 103 patients with hyperimmunoglobulinemia D syndrome. Medicine (Baltimore), 87:301–310. 2008.
17.
van der MeerJW, VossenJM, RadlJ, van NieuwkoopJA, MeyerCJ, LobattoS, van FurthR. Hyperimmunoglobulinaemia D and periodic fever: a new syndrome. Lancet, 1:1087–1090. 1984.
18.
WongKK, FinlayJC, MoxhamJP. Role of tonsillectomy in PFAPA Syndrome. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 134:16–19. 2008.
