BarnesNM, SharpT. A review of central 5-HT receptors and their function. Neuropharmacology, 38:1083–1152. 1999.
4.
BeckSG, ChoiKC, ListTJ, OkuharaDY, BirnsteilS. Corticosterone alters 5-HT1A receptormediated hyperpolarization in area CA1 hippocampal pyramidal neurons. Neuropsychopharmacology, 14:27–33. 1996.
5.
BilginYM, van der WielHE, FischerHR, De HerderW. Treatment of severe psychosis due to ectopic Cushing's syndrome. J Endocrinol Invest, 30:776–779. 2007.
6.
BourdeauI, BardC, NoëlB, LeclercI, CordeauM-P, BélairM, LesageJ, LafontaineL, LacroixA. Loss of brain volume in endogenous Cushing's syndrome and its reversibility after correction of hypercortisolism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 87:1949–1954. 2002.
ChanL, VadiyaM, WestphalB, AllgroveJ, MartinL, AfsharF, HindmarshPC, SavageMO, GrossmanAB, StorrH. Use of intravenous etomidate to control acute psychosis induced by the hypercortisolemia in severe paediatric Cushing's disease. Horm Res Paediatr, 75:441–446. 2011.
9.
CrumRM, AnthonyJC, BassettSS, FolsteinMF. Population-based norms for the Mini-Mental State Examination by age and educational level. JAMA, 18:2386–2391. 1993.
10.
DabbaghA, Sa'adatN, HeidariZ. Etomidate infusion in the critical care setting for suppressing the acute phase of Cushing's syndrome. Anesth Analg, 108:238–239. 2009.
11.
de KloetER, JoelsM, HolsboerF. Stress, the brain: From adaptation to disease. Nat. Rev. Neurosci, 6:463–475. 2005.
12.
DornL, BurgessES, FriedmanTC, DubbertB, GoldP, ChrousosG. The longitudnal course of psychopathology in Cushing's Syndrome after correction of hypercortisolism–clinical studies. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 82:912–919. 1997.
13.
DrakeWM, PerryLA, HindsCJ, LoweDG, ReznekRH, BesserGM. Emergency and prolonged use of intravenous etomidate to control hypercortisolemia in a patient with Cushing's syndrome and peritonitis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 83:3542–3544. 1998.
14.
EchinbaumH. A cortical-hippocampal system for declarative memory. Nat Rev Neurosci, 1:41–50. 2000.
Ewing-CobbsL, LevinHS, FletcherJM, MinerME, EisenbergHM. The Children's Orientation and Amnesia Test: Relationship to severity of acute head injury and to recovery of memory. Neurosurgery, 27:683–691. 1990.
17.
FolsteinMF, FolsteinSE, McHughPR. Mini-mental state, a practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatric Res, 12:189–198. 1975.
18.
ForgetH, LacroixA, CohenH. Persistent cognitive impairment following surgical treatment of Cushing's syndrome. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 27:367–383. 2002.
19.
GartnerR, AlbrechtM, MullerOA. Effect of etomidate on hypercortisolism due to ectopic ACTH production. Lancet, 1:275. 1986.
20.
GobbiM, CrespiD, FoddiMC. Effects of chronic treatment with fluoxetine and citalopram on 5-HT uptake, 5-HT1B autoreceptors, 5-HT3 and 5-HT4 receptors in rats. Naunyn Schmiedeberg's Arch Pharmacol, 356:22–28. 1997.
21.
GouldE, TanapatP, RydelT, HastingsN. Regulation of hippocampal neurogenesis in adulthood. Biol Psychiatry, 48:715–720. 2000.
22.
GreeningJE, BrainCE, PerryLA, MushtaqI, Sales-MarquesJ, GrossmanAB, SavageMO. Efficient short-term control of hypercortisolaemia by low-dose etomidate in severe paediatric Cushing's disease. Horm Res, 64:140–143. 2005.
23.
HoschlC, HajekT. Hippocampal damage mediated by corticosteroids – A neuropsychiatric research challenge. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci, 251:81–88. 2001.
24.
JeffcoateWJ, SilverstoneJT, EdwardsCRW. Psychiatric manifestations of cushing's syndrome: Response to lowering of plasma cortisol. Q J Med, 48:465–472. 1979.
25.
JohnsonTN, CanadaTW. Etomidate use for Cushing's syndrome caused by an ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone-producing tumor. Ann Pharmacother, 41:350–353. 2007.
26.
KeilM, MerkeD, GandhiR, WiggsE, ObunseK, StrakakisC. Quality of life in children and adolescents one-year after cure of Cushing syndrome: A prospective study. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf), 71:326–333. 2009.
27.
KobayashiK, IkedaY, HanedaE, SuzukiH. Chronic fluoxetine bidirectionally modulates potentiating effects of serotonin on the hippocampal mossy fiber synaptic transmission. J Neurosci, 28:6272–6280. 2008.
28.
KrakoffJ, KochCA, CalisKA, AlexanderRH, NiemanLK. Use of a parenteral propylene glycol-containing etomidate preparation for the long-term management of ectopic Cushing's syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 86:4104–4108. 2001.
29.
KramlingerKG, PetersonGC, WatsonPK. Metyrapone for depression and delerium secondary to Cushing's Syndrome. Psychosomatics, 26:67–71. 1985.
30.
LambertsSW, BonsEG, BruiningHA, de JongFH. Differential effects of the imidazole derivatives etomidate, ketoconazole and miconazole and of metyrapone on the secretion of cortisol and its precursors by human adrenocortical cells. J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 240:259–264. 1987.
31.
LauWM, QiuG, HelmesteDM, LeeTM, TangSW, SoKF, TangSW. Corticosteroid decreases subventricular zone cell proliferation, which could be reversed by paroxetine. Restor Neurol Neurosci, 25:17–23. 2007.
32.
LimDA, Alvarez-BuyllaA. Interaction between astrocytes and adult subventricular zone precursors stimulates neurogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 96:7526–7531. 1999.
33.
MagiakouMA, MastorakosG, OldfieldEH, GomezMT, DoppmanJL, CutlerGB, Nieman LK ChrousosGP. Cushing's syndrome in children and adolescents. Presentation, diagnosis, and therapy. N Engl J Med, 331:629–636. 1994.
34.
MaguireEA, BurgessN, DonnettJG, FrackowiakRSJ, FirthCD, O'KeefeJ. Knowing where and getting there: A human navigational network. Science, 280:921–924. 1998.
35.
MaguireEA, GadianDG, JohnsrudeIS, GoodCD, AshburnerJ, FrackowiakRS, FrithCD. Navigation-related structural change in the hippocampi of taxi drivers. PNAS, 97:4398–4403. 2000.
36.
MaheuF, MazzoneL, MerkeD, KeilM, StratakisC, PineD, ErnstM. Altered amygdala and hippocampus function in adolescents with hypercortisolemia: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study of Cushing syndrome. Dev Psychopathol, 20:1177–1189. 2008.
37.
McEwenB. Cortisol, Cushing's Syndrome, and a shrinking brain–new evidence for reversibility. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 5:1947–1948. 2002.
38.
McEwenBS. Glucocorticoids, depression, and mood disorders: Structural remodeling in the brain. Metabolism, 54:20–23. 2005.
39.
MerkeD, GieddJ, KeilM, MehlingerS, WiggsE, HolzerS, RawsonE, VaituziaA, StratakisA, ChrousosG. children experience cognitive decline despite reversal of brain atrophy one year after resolution of Cushing syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 90:2531–2536. 2005.
40.
MoserEI, KropfE, MoserM-B. Place cells, grid cells, the brain's spatial representation system. Ann Rev Neurosci, 31:69. 2008.
41.
NiemanLK, BillerBMK, FindlingJW, Newell-PriceJ, SavageMO, StewartPM, MontoriVM. The diagnosis of Cushing's Syndrome: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 93:1526–1540. 2008.
42.
NishiM, AzmitiaEC. 5-HT1A receptor expression is modulated by corticosteroid receptor agonists in primary rat hippocampal culture. Brain Res, 25:190–194. 1996.
43.
ObinataD, YamaguchiK, HiranoD, YoshidaT, SomaM, TakahashiS. Preoperative management of Cushing's syndrome with Metyrapone for severe psychiatric disturbances: Case report. Int J Urol, 15:361–362. 2008.
44.
OhashiS, MatsumotoM, OtaniH, MoriK, TogashiH, UenoK, KakuA, YoshiokaM. Changes in synaptic plasticity in the rat hippocampo-medial prefrontal cortex pathway induced by repeated treatments with fluvoxamine. Brain Res, 949:131–138. 2002.
PriceLH, CappielloA, MalisonRT, McDougleCJ, PeltonGH, SchöllnhammerG, HeningerGR. Effects of antiglucocorticoid treatment on 5-HT1A function in depressed patients and healthy subjects. Neuropsychopharm, 17:246–257. 1997.
48.
SaadMF, AdamsF, MackayB, OrdonezNG, LeavensME, SamaanNA. Occult Cushing's disease presenting with acute psychosis. Am J Med, 76:759–766. 1984.
49.
SantarelliL, SaxeM, GrossC, SurgetA, BattagliaF, DulawaS, WeisstaubN, LeeJ, DumanR, ArancioO, BelzungC, HenR. Requirement of hippocampal neurogenesis for the behavioral effects of antidepressants. Science, 310:805–809. 2003.
50.
SavageM, ChanL, GrossmanA, StorrH. Work-up and management of paediatric Cushing's Syndrome. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes, 15:346–351. 2008.
51.
SchulteH, BenkerG, ReinweinD, SippellW, AllolioB. Infusion of low dose etomidate: Correction of hypercortisolemia in patients with Cushing's Syndrome and dose-response relationship in normal subjects. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 70:1426–1430. 1990.
52.
SmithJE, LakoskiJM. Cellular electrophysiology effects of chronic Fluoxetine and Duloxetine administration on serotonergic responses on the aging hippocampus. Synapse, 30:318–328. 1998.
53.
SoninoN, BonniniS, FalloF, BoscaroM, FavaGA. Personality characteristics and quality of life in patients treated for Cushing's syndrome. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf), 64:314–318. 2006.
54.
SoninoN, BoscaroM, AmbrosoG. Prolonged treatment of Cushing's disease with metyrapone and Aminoglutethimide. IRCS Med Sci, 14:485–486. 1986.
UlarntinonS, TzuangD, DahlG, ShawRJ. Concurrent treatment of steroid-related mood and psychotic symptoms with risperidone. Pediatrics, 125:e1241–1245. 2010.
62.
Van der LelyAJ, FoekenK, Van der MastRC. Rapid reversal of acute psychosis in Cushing's Syndrome with the cortisol-receptor antagonist mifepristone (RU 486)Ann Intern Med, 114:143–144. 1991.
