officially retracts the published article entitled, “Can Traditional Fermented Food Products Protect Mothers Against Lactational Mastitis,” by Pelin Basım and Yaşar Özdenkaya (Breastfeed Med 2020;15(3):163–169 (doi: 10.1089/bfm.2019.0261).
After publication of the article, the Editor of the Journal received correspondence from a reader questioning the statistics as many of the odds ratios appeared to lie outside of the quoted confidence intervals. In addition to a review of the article, the Editor referred the paper to a statistician for re-review. Both the Editorial review and the statistician agreed that that the presentation of the data of odds ratios and confidence intervals were not only incorrect but reflected a lack of understanding of basic statistical methods. Thus, it was determined that the conclusions of the manuscript were not substantiated.
The Editor and Publisher of Breastfeeding Medicine is committed to upholding the validity and integrity of the scientific literature and therefore have decided to retract the paper and sincerely apologizes to the readership for missing this issue during the initial review process.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
AmirLH, GriffinL, CullinaneM, et al.Probiotics and mastitis: Evidence-based marketing?. Int Breastfeed J, 2016; 11: DOI: 10.1186/s13006-016-0078-5
2.
KolasaKM, FirnhaberG, HavenK. Diet for a healthy lactating woman. Clin Obstet Gynecol, 2015; 58:893–901.
3.
RiethEF, BarnettKM, SimonJA. Implementation and organization of a perioperative lactation program: A descriptive study. Breastfeed Med, 2018; 13:97–105.
MedianoP, FernándezL, RodriguezJM, et al.Case-control study of risk factors for infectious mastitis in Spanish breastfeeding women. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth, 2014; 14:195.
6.
MarínM, ArroyoR, Espinosa-MartosI, et al.Identification of emerging human mastitis pathogens by MALDI-TOF and assessment of their antibiotic resistance patterns. Front Microbiol, 2017; 8:1258.
7.
ArroyoR, MartínV, MaldonadoA, et al.Treatment of infectious mastitis during lactation: Antibiotics versus oral administration of Lactobacilli isolated from breast milk. Clin Infect Dis, 2010; 50:1551–1558.
8.
FernándezL, CárdenasN, ArroyoR, et al.Prevention of infectious mastitis by oral administration of Lactobacillus salivarius PS2 during late pregnancy. Clin Infect Dis, 2016; 62:568–573.
9.
FrolaID, PellegrinoMS, EspecheMC, et al.Effects of intramammary inoculation of Lactobacillus perolens CRL1724 in lactating cows' udders. J Dairy Res, 2012; 79:84–92.
10.
RainardP, FoucrasG. A critical appraisal of probiotics for mastitis control. Front Vet Sci, 2018; 5:251.
11.
SanlıerN, GokcenBB, SezginAC. Health benefits of fermented foods. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr, 2019; 59:506–527.
12.
KabakB, DobsonAD. An introduction to the traditional fermented foods and beverages of Turkey. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr, 2011; 51:248–260.
13.
PradoMR, BlandónLM, VandenberghePS, et al.Milk kefir: Composition, microbial cultures, biological activities, and related products. Front Microbiol, 2015; 6:1177.
14.
CelikV, BekenB, YaziciogluM, et al.Do traditional fermented foods protect against infantile atopic dermatitis. Pediatr Allergy Immunol, 2019; 30:540–546.
15.
OzawaN, ShimojoN, SuzukiY, et al.Maternal intake of Natto, a Japan's traditional fermented soybean food, during pregnancy and the risk of eczema in Japanese babies. Allergol Int, 2014; 63:261–266.
16.
KinlayJR, O'ConnellDL, KinlayS. Risk factors for mastitis in breastfeeding women: Results of a prospective cohort study. Aust N Z J Public Health, 2001; 25:115–120.
17.
YuZ, SunS, ZhangY. High-risk factors for suppurative mastitis in lactating women. Med Sci Monit, 2018; 24:4192–4197.
18.
FernándezL, MedianoP, GarcíaR, et al.Risk factors predicting infectious lactational mastitis: Decision tree approach versus logistic regression analysis. Matern Child Health J, 2016; 20:1895–1903.
19.
KvistLJ, LarssonBW, Hall-LordML, et al.The role of bacteria in lactational mastitis and some considerations of the use of antibiotic treatment. Int Breastfeed J, 2008; 3:6.
20.
ScottJA, RobertsonM, FitzpatrickJ, et al.Occurrence of lactational mastitis and medical management: A prospective cohort study in Glasgow. Int Breastfeed J, 2008; 3:21.
21.
FoxmanB, D'ArcyH, GillespieB, et al.Lactation mastitis: Occurrence and medical management among 946 breastfeeding women in the United States. Am J Epidemiol, 2002; 155:103–114.
22.
JimenezE, FernandezL, MaldonadoA, et al.Oral administration of lactobacillus strains isolated from breast milk as an alternative for the treatment of infectious mastitis during lactation. Appl Environ Microbiol, 2008; 74:4650–4655.
DelgadoS, ArroyoR, JiménezE, et al.Staphylococcus epidermidis strains isolated from breast milk of women suffering infectious mastitis: Potential virulence traits and resistance to antibiotics. BMC Microbiol, 2009; 9:82.
25.
ParvezS, MalikKA, KangSA, et al.Probiotics and their fermented food products are beneficial for health. J Appl Microbiol, 2006; 100:1171–1185.
26.
BengmarkS. Colonic food: Pre- and probiotics. Am J Gastroenterol, 2000; 95:S5–S7.
27.
SchultzM, SartorRB. Probiotics and inflammatory bowel disease. Am J Gastroenterol, 2000; 95:S19–S21.
28.
TuMY, CheriHL, TungYT, et al.Short-term effects of kefir-fermented milk consumption on bone mineral density and bone metabolism in a randomized clinical trial of osteoporotic patients. PLoS One, 2015; 10:e0144231.
29.
ChenM, SunQ, GiovanucciE, et al.Dairy consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes: 3 cohorts of US adults and an updated meta-analysis. BMC Med, 2014; 12:215.
30.
Diaz-LopezA, BulloM, Martinez-GonzalezMA, et al.Dairy product consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes in an elderly Mediterranean population at high cardiovascular risk. Eur J Nutr, 2016; 55:349–360.
31.
LimJH, JungES, ChoiEK, et al.Supplementation with Aspergillus oryzae-fermented kochujang lowers serum cholesterol in subjects with hyperlipidemia. Clin Nutr, 2015; 34:383–387.
32.
NagataS, AsaharaT, WangC, et al.The effectiveness of lactobacillus beverages in controlling infections among the residents of an aged care facility: A randomized placebo-controlled double-blind trial. Ann Nutr Metab, 2016; 68:51–59.
33.
HatakkaK, SavilahtiE, PönkäA, et al.Effect of long term consumption of probiotic milk on infections in children attending day care centers: Double blind, randomized trial. BMJ, 2001; 322:1327.
34.
NovaE, WärnbergJ, Gómez-MartínezS, et al.Immunomodulatory effects of probiotics in different stages of life. Br J Nutr, 2007; 98:S90–S95.
35.
KontiokariT, LaitinenJ, JärviL, et al.Dietary factors protecting women from urinary tract infection. Am J Clin Nutr, 2003; 77:600–604.
36.
KontiokariT, SundqvistK, NuutinenM, et al.Randomised trial of cranberry-lingonberry juice and Lactobacillus GG drink for the prevention of urinary tract infections in women. BMJ, 2001; 322:1571.
37.
VitaliB, CrucianiF, BaldassareME, et al.Dietary supplementation with probiotics during late pregnancy: Outcome on vaginal microbiota and cytokine secretion. BMC Microbiol, 2012; 12:236.
38.
BaldassareME, PalladinoV, AmarusoA, et al.Rationale of probiotic supplementation during pregnancy and neonatal period. Nutrients, 2018; 10: DOI: 10.3390/nu10111693.
39.
FrancozD, WellemansV, DupreJP, et al.Invited review: A systematic review and qualitative analysis of treatments other than conventional antimicrobials for clinical mastitis in dairy cows. J Dairy Sci, 2017; 100:7751–7770.
40.
MastromarinoP, CapobiancoD, MiccheliA, et al.Administration of a multistrain probiotic product (VSL#3) to women in the perinatal period differentially affects breast milk beneficial microbiota in relation to mode of delivery. Pharmacol Res, 2015; 95–96:63–70.
