Abstract
Abstract
Background:
Antenatal corticosteroids are given to most women at risk of preterm delivery, although many do not eventually deliver preterm. Profound disruptions of lactation have been shown in ewes after antenatal corticosteroid treatment, but little is known of the effect on lactation in women. This study aimed to investigate the effects of antenatal corticosteroid treatment on mammary secretion during pregnancy in women.
Methods:
We conducted a prospective cohort study of women receiving betamethasone for anticipated preterm delivery (n = 87). Women collected 24-hour urine samples on days 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, and 14 after treatment if they remained pregnant. We measured urinary excretion of pregnanediol glucuronide (PdG), a major metabolite of progesterone and lactose, which indicates mammary secretion during pregnancy. Withdrawal of progesterone triggers the onset of mammary secretion.
Results:
Median (range) gestational age at treatment was 28.8 (23.6–33.6) weeks. A total of 330 24-hour urine samples were collected. Median (range) excretion of PdG was 1.355 (0.139–5.069) mmol/24 hours, and lactose excretion was 0.823 (0.035–6.676) mmol/24 hours. Both PdG and lactose excretion increased with increasing gestational age (P < 0.001). After adjustment for gestational age, there were significant transient increases in lactose excretion (P < 0.001) after betamethasone treatment but no changes in PdG excretion (P = 0.435).
Conclusions:
Antenatal betamethasone treatment was associated with a transient premature secretory activation while women were still pregnant.
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