AcuñaM., ConnerneyJ., WasilewskiP., LinR., AndersonK., CarlsonC., McFaddenJ., CurtisD., MitchellD., RemeH., MazelleC., SauvaudJ., d'UstonC., CrosA., MedaleJ., BauerS., CloutierP., MayhewM., WinterhalterD., NessN.1998. Magnetic field and plasma observations at Mars: initial results of the Mars global surveyor mission. Science, 279:1676–1680.
2.
AllwoodA.C., WalterM.R., KamberB.S., MarshallC.P., BurchI.W.2006. Stromatolite reef from the Early Archaean era of Australia. Nature, 441:714–718.
3.
AllwoodA.C., GrotzingerJ.P., KnollA.H., BurchI.W., AndersonM.S., ColemanM.L., KanikI.2009. Controls on development and diversity of Early Archean stromatolites. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 106:9548–9555.
4.
ArvidsonR.V., SquyresS.W., AndersonR.C., BellJ.F.III, BlaneyD., BrücknerJ., CabrolN.A., CalvinW.M., CarrM.H., ChristensenP.R., ClarkB.C., CrumplerL., Des MaraisD.J., de SouzaP.A.Jr., d'UstonC., EconomouT., FarmerJ., FarrandW.H., FolknerW., GolombekM., GorevanS., GrantJ.A., GreeleyR., GrotzingerJ., GuinnessE., HahnB.C., HaskinL., HerkenhoffK.E., HurowitzJ.A., HviidS., JohnsonJ.R., KlingelhöferG., KnollA.H., LandisG., LeffC., LemmonM., LiR., MadsenM.B., MalinM.C., McLennanS.M., McSweenH.Y., MingD.W., MoerschJ., MorrisR.V., ParkerT., RiceJ.W., RichterL., RiederR., RodionovD.S., SchröderC., SimsM., SmithM., SmithP., SoderblomL.A., SullivanR., ThompsonS.D., ToscaN.J., WangA., WänkeH., WardJ., WdowiakT., WolffM., YenA.2006. Overview of the Spirit Mars Exploration Rover mission to Gusev Crater: landing site to Backstay Rock in the Columbia Hills. J. Geophys. Res., 111. 10.1029/2005JE002499.
5.
ArvidsonR.E., RuffS.W., MorrisR.V., MingD.W., CrumplerL.S., YenA.S., SquyresS.W., SullivanR.J., BellJ.F.III, CabrolN.A., ClarkB.C., FarrandW.H., GellertR., GreenbergerR., GrantJ.A., GuinnessE.A., HerkenhoffK.E., HurowitzJ.A., JohnsonJ.R., KlingelhöferG., LewisK.W., LiR., McCoyT.J., MoerschJ., McSweenH.Y., MurchieS.L., SchmidtM., SchröderC., WangA., WisemanS., MadsenM.B., GoetzW., McLennanS.M.2008. Spirit Mars rover mission to the Columbia Hills, Gusev Crater: mission overview and selected results from the Cumberland Ridge to Home Plate. J. Geophys. Res., 113. 10.1029/2008JE003183.
6.
AsherS.A., JohnsonC.R.1984. Raman spectroscopy of a coal liquid shows that fluorescence interference is minimized with ultraviolet excitation. Science, 225:311–313.
7.
AsherS.A., LudwigM., JohnsonC.R.1986. UV resonance Raman excitation profiles of the aromatic amino acids. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 108:3186–3197.
8.
AwramikS.M., SchopfJ.W., WalterM.R., WeberR., GuerreroJ.C.1983. Filamentous fossil bacteria from the Archean of Western Australia. Precambrian Res., 20:357–374.
9.
BeatyD.W., MeyerM.A.Mars Advance Planning Group. 2006. 2006 Update to the Robotic Mars Exploration Strategy 2007–2016, white paper, posted November, 2006, by the Mars Exploration Program Analysis Group (MEPAG)http://mepag.jpl.nasa.gov/reports/.
10.
BerthelierJ.J., GrardR., LaaksoH., ParrotM.2000. ARES, atmospheric relaxation and electric field sensor, the electric field experiment on NETLANDER. Planet. Space Sci., 48:1193–1200.
11.
BhartiaR., HugW.F., ReidR.D., SalasE.C., NealsonK.H., LaneA.L.2008. Deep UV native fluorescence and resonance Raman spectroscopy for life-detection. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 72:A80.
12.
BibringJ.-P., LangevinY., GendrinA., GondetB., PouletF., BerthéM., SoufflotA., ArvidsonR., MangoldN., MustardJ., DrossartP.OMEGA Team. 2005. Mars surface diversity as revealed by the OMEGA/Mars Express observations. Science, 307:1576–1581.
13.
BibringJ.-P., LangevinY., MustardJ.F., PouletF., ArvidsonR., GendrinA., GondetB., MangoldN., PinetP., ForgetF.OMEGA Team. 2006. Global mineralogical and aqueous Mars history derived from OMEGA/Mars Express data. Science, 312:400–404.
14.
BishopJ.L., Noe DobreaE.Z., McKeownN.K., ParenteM., EhlmannB.L., MichalskiJ.R., MillikenR.E., PouletF., SwayzeG.A., MustardJ.F., MurchieS.L., BibringJ.-P.2008. Phyllosilicate diversity and past aqueous activity revealed at Mawrth Vallis, Mars. Science, 321:830–833.
15.
BorgL., AllenC., BeatyD., BuxbaumK., CrispJ., Des MaraisD., GlavinD., GradyM., HerkenhoffK., MattinglyR., McLennanS., MouraD., MustardJ., PrattL., SymesS., WadhwaM.2009. A consensus vision for Mars sample return, white paper posted September, 2009, by the Mars Exploration Program Analysis Group (MEPAG)http://mepag.jpl.nasa.gov/decadal/.
16.
BrasierM.D., GreenO.R., JephcoatA.P., KleppeA.K., Van KranendonkM.J., LindsayJ.F., SteeleA., GrassineauN.V.2002. Questioning the evidence for the Earth's oldest fossils. Nature, 416:76–81.
17.
BrasierM.D., McLoughlinN., GreenO., WaceyD.2006. A fresh look at the fossil evidence for Early Archaean cellular life. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond., B, Biol. Sci., 361:887–902.
18.
BuickR., DunlopJ.S.R., GrovesD.I.1981. Stromatolite recognition in ancient rocks: an appraisal of irregularly laminated structures in an Early Archaean chert-barite unit from North Pole, Western Australia. Alcheringa, 5:161–181.
ByerlyG.R., LowerD.R., WalshM.M.1986. Stromatolites from the 3,300-3,500-Myr Swaziland Supergroup, Barberton Mountain Land, South Africa. Nature, 319:489–491.
21.
CampbellJ.L., GellertR., LeeM., MallettC.L., MaxwellJ.A., O'MearaJ.M.2008. Quantitative in situ determination of hydration of bright high-sulfate martian soils. J. Geophys. Res., 113. 10.1029/2007JE002959.
22.
ChristensenP.R., BandfieldJ.L., BellJ.F.III, GorelickN., HamiltonV.E., IvanovA., JakoskyB.M., KiefferH.H., LaneM.D., MalinM.C., McConnochieT., McEwenA.S., McSweenH.Y.Jr., MehallG.L., MoerschJ.E., NealsonK.H., RiceJ.W.Jr., RichardsonM.I., RuffS.W., SmithM.D., TitusT.N., WyattM.B.2003. Morphology and composition of the surface of Mars: Mars Odyssey THEMIS results. Science, 300:2056–2061.
23.
ChristensenP.R., RuffS.W., FergasonR.L., KnudsonA.T., AnwarS., ArvidsonR.E., BandfieldJ.L., BlaneyD.L., BudneyC., CalvinW.M., GlotchT.D., GolombekM.P., GorelickN., GraffT.G., HamiltonV.E., HayesA., JohnsonJ.R., McSweenH.Y.Jr., MehallG.L., MehallL.K., MoerschJ.E., MorrisR.V., RogersA.D., SmithM.D., SquyresS.W., WolffM.J., WyattM.B.2004. Initial results from the Mini-TES experiment in Gusev Crater from the Spirit rover. Science, 305:837–842.
24.
ChristensenP.the Mars Architecture Tiger Team. 2008. Seeking habitable environments: science perspectives for candidate Mars mission architectures for 2016–2026, PowerPoint report posted June, 2008, by the Mars Exploration Program Analysis Group (MEPAG)http://mepag.jpl.nasa.gov/reports/.
25.
ChristensenP.and the Mars Architecture Tiger Team. 2009. Science perspectives for candidate Mars mission architectures for 2016–2026, PowerPoint report posted March, 2009, by the Mars Exploration Program Analysis Group (MEPAG)http://mepag.jpl.nasa.gov/reports/.
CollinsC., YounseP., BackesP.2009. Planetary sample caching system design options [AIAA-2009-6506]AIAA SPACE 2009 Conference & Exposition. American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics: Reston, VA.
28.
ConradP.G., AndersonF.S., AndersonR.C., BrinckerhoffW.J., DoranP., HamiltonV.E., HurowitzJ.A., McEwanA.S., MingD.W., PapanastassiouD.A., SwindleT.D.2009. Geochronology and Mars exploration: critical measurements for 21st century planetary science, Decadal Survey white paper posted September, 2009, by the Mars Exploration Program Analysis Group (MEPAG)http://mepag.jpl.nasa.gov/decadal/.
29.
CrispJ.A., AdlerM., MatijevicJ.R., SquyresS.W., ArvidsonR.E., KassD.M.2003. Mars Exploration Rover mission. J. Geophys. Res., 108. 10.1029/2002JE002038.
30.
CrispJ.A., GrotzingerJ.P., VasavadaA.R., KarczJ.S.the MSL Science Team.2008. Mars Science Laboratory: science overview [abstract 4016]Ground Truth from Mars: Science Payoff from a Sample Return Mission. Lunar and Planetary Institute: Houston.
EhlmannB.L., MustardJ.F., MurchieS.L., PouletF., BishopJ.L., BrownA.J., CalvinW.M., ClarkR.N., Des MaraisD.J., MillikenR.E., RoachL.H., RoushT.L., SwayzeG.A., WrayJ.J.2008. Oribtal identification of carbonate-bearing rocks on Mars. Science, 322:1828–1832.
33.
FarmerJ., Des MaraisD.1999. Exploring for a record of ancient martian life. J. Geophys. Res., 104:26977–26995.
34.
FarmerJ., AllenM., HoehlerT., MischnaM.2009. Astrobiology research and technology priorities for Mars, white paper submitted September, 2009, to the 2009 NRC Planetary Decadal Survey. http://www8.nationalacademies.org/ssbsurvey/publicview.aspx.
35.
FarrellW.M., DeschM.D.2001. Is there a martian atmospheric electric circuit? J. Geophys. Res., 106:7591–7595.
36.
FarrellW.M., KaiserM.L., DeschM.D., HouserJ.G., CummerS.A., WiltD.M., LandisG.A.1999. Detecting electrical activity from martian dust storms. J. Geophys. Res., 104:3795–3801.
37.
FreyH.2008. Ages of very large impact basins on Mars: implications for the Late Heavy Bombardment in the inner Solar System. Geophys. Res. Lett., 35. 10.1029/2008GL033515.
38.
FriesM., BurchellM., KearsleyA., SteeleA.2009. Capture effects in carbonaceous material: a Stardust analogue study. Meteorit. Planet. Sci., 44:1465–1474.
39.
FroschT., TarceaN., SchmittM., ThieleH., LagenhorstF., PoppJ.2007. UV Raman imaging—a promising tool for astrobiology: comparative Raman studies with different excitation wavelengths on SNC martian meteorites. Anal. Chem., 79:1101–1108.
40.
GellertR., RiederR., BruecknerJ., ClarkB.C., DreibusG., KlingelhöferG., LugmairG., MingD.W., WänkeH., YenA., ZipfelJ., SquyresS.W.2006. Alpha particle X-ray spectrometer (APXS): results from Gusev Crater and calibration report. J. Geophys. Res., 111. 10.1029/2005JE002555.
41.
GellertR., CampbellJ.L., KingP.L., LeshinL.A., LugmairG.W., SprayJ.G., SquyresS.W., YenA.S.2009. The Alpha-Particle X-ray Spectrometer (APXS) for the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) rover mission [abstract 2364]Proceedings of the 40th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference. Lunar and Planetary Institute: Houston.
42.
GendrinA., MangoldN., BibringJ.-P., LangevinY., GondetB., PouletF., BonelloG., QantinC., MustardJ., ArvidsonR., Le MoulélicS.2005. Sulfates in martian layered terrains: the OMEGA/Mars Express view. Science, 307:1587–1591.
43.
GlotchT.D., BandfieldJ.L., ChristensenP.R., CalvinW.M., McLennanS.M., ClarkB.C., RogersA.D., SquyresS.W.2006. Mineralogy of the light-toned outcrop at Meridiani Planum as seen by the Miniature Thermal Emission Spectrometer and implications for its formation. J. Geophys. Res., 111. 10.1029/2005JE002672.
44.
GorevanS.P., MyrickT., DavisK., ChauJ.J., BartlettP., MukherjeeS., AndersonR., SquyresS.W., ArvidsonR.E., MadsenM.B., BertelsenP., GoetzW., BinauC.S., RichterL. 2003. Rock Abrasion Tool: Mars Exploration Rover mission. J. Geophys. Res., 108. 10.1029/2003JE002061.
45.
GrotzingerJ.P., KnollA.H.1999. Stromatolites in Precambrian carbonates: evolutionary mileposts or environmental dipsticks? Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci., 27:313–358.
46.
HahnB.C., McLennanS.M., TaylorG.J., BoyntonW.V., DohmJ.M., FinchJ., HamaraD.K., JanesD.M., KarunatillakeS., KellerJ.M., KerryK.E., MetzgerA.E., WilliamsR.M.S.2007. Mars Odyssey Gamma Ray Spectrometer elemental abundances and apparent relative surface age: implications for martian crustal evolution. J. Geophys. Res., 112. 10.1029/2006JE002821.
47.
HandK.P., BeauchampP.M., Des MaraisD., GrinspoonD., MeechK.J., RaymondS.N., PilcherC.B.2009. Astrobiology priorities for planetary science flight missions, white paper submitted September, 2009, to the 2009 NRC Planetary Decadal Survey. http://www8.nationalacademies.org/ssbsurvey/publicview.aspx.
48.
HayatiS., MunkM., PowellD., GershmanB., LinY., BuxbaumK., BackesP., GorevanS., StephensonD., AndersonD., DankanichJ., AllenC., PearsonD., RivelliniT., NesnasI., BolotinG., BudneyC., WolfA., RiedelJ.2009. Strategic technology development for future Mars missions (2013–2022), white paper submitted September, 2009, to the 2009 NRC Planetary Decadal Survey. http://www8.nationalacademies.org/ssbsurvey/publicview.aspx.
49.
HechtM.H., KounavesS.P., QuinnR.C., WestS.J., YoungS.M.M., MingD.W., CatlingD.C., ClarkB.C., BoyntonW.V., HoffmanJ., DeFloresL.P., GospodinovaK., KapitJ., SmithP.H.2009. Detection of perchlorate and the soluble chemistry of martian soil at the Phoenix lander site. Science, 325:64–67.
HofmannH.J., GreyK., HickmanA.H., ThorpeR.I.1999. Origin of 3.45 Ga coniform stromatolites in Warrawoona Group, Western Australia. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 111:1256–1262.
56.
HowardA.D., MooreJ.M., IrwinR.P.III. 2005. An intense terminal epoch of widespread fluvial activity on early Mars: 1. Valley network incision and associated deposits. J. Geophys. Res., 110. 10.1029/2005JE002459.
57.
HugW.F., BhartiaR., TsapinA., LaneA., ConradP., SijapatiK., ReidR.D.2006. Water and surface contamination monitoring using deep UV laser induced native fluorescence and Raman spectroscopy. Proc. Soc. Photo. Opt. Instrum. Eng., 6378. 10.1117/12.686487.
58.
IanoulA., ColemanT., AsherS.A.2002. UV resonance Raman spectroscopic detection of nitrate and nitrite in wastewater treatment processes. Anal. Chem., 74:1458–1461.
59.
iMARS Working Group. 2008. Preliminary planning for an international Mars sample return mission: report of the International Mars Architecture for the Return of Samples (iMARS) Working Group, unpublished white paper, posted July, 2008, by the Mars Exploration Program Analysis Group (MEPAG)http://mepag.jpl.nasa.gov/reports/iMARS_FinalReport.pdf.
60.
JakoskyB.M., PhillipsR.J.2001. Mars' volatile and climate history. Nature, 412:237–244.
61.
JakoskyB.M., ZurekR.W., AmendJ., CarrM.H., McCleeseD.J., MustardJ.F., NealsonK., SummonsR.2009. Are there signs of life on Mars? A scientific rationale for a Mars sample-return campaign as the next step in Solar System exploration, white paper submitted September, 2009, to the 2009 NRC Planetary Decadal Survey. http://www8.nationalacademies.org/ssbsurvey/publicview.aspx.
62.
KarczJ.S., BeatyD.W., ConleyC.A., CrispJ.A., Des MaraisD.J., GrotzingerJ.P., LemkeL.G., McKayC.P., SquyresS.W., StokerC.R., TreimanA.H.2008a. Science definition of the Mars Science Laboratory sample cache [abstract 4058]Proceedings of the 39th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference. Lunar and Planetary Institute: Houston.
63.
KarczJ.S., CappuccioM., DemoA.G., EisenH.J., FeldmanJ., GhenoK., KrugerC.E., LiuM., ReimerJ.H., SantosO., ServissO.E., TongP.K.2008b. The implementation of the Mars Science Laboratory sample cache [abstract #4059]Ground Truth from Mars: Science Payoff from a Sample Return Mission. Lunar and Planetary Institute: Houston.
64.
KeilR.G., MontluçonD.B., PrahlF.G., HedgesJ.I.1994. Sorptive preservation of labile organic matter in marine sediments. Nature, 370:549–552.
KennedyM.J., PeaverD.R., HillR.J.2002. Mineral surface control on organic carbon in black shale. Science, 295:657–660.
67.
KirschvinkJ.L., MaineA.T., ValiH.1997. Paleomagnetic evidence of a low-temperature origin of carbonate in the martian meteorite ALH84001. Science, 275:1629–1633.
68.
KnollA.H., GrotzingerJ.2006. Water on Mars and the prospect of martian life. Elements, 2:169–173.
69.
KnollA.H., CarrM., ClarkB., Des MaraisD.J., FarmerJ.D., FischerW.W., GrotzingerJ.P., McLennanS.M., MalinM., SchroderC., SquyresS., ToscaN.J., WdowiakT.2005. An astrobiological perspective on Meridiani Planum. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 240:179–189.
70.
LangevinY., PouletF., BibringJ.-P., GondetB.2005. Sulfates in the north polar region of Mars detected by OMEGA/Mars Express. Science, 307:1584–1586.
71.
LiF.2009. Mars program implementation: balancing science direction and engineering/budget constraints, presentation given July 30, 2009, at MEPAG Meeting #21, posted July, 2009, by the Mars Exploration Program Analysis Group (MEPAG)http://mepag.jpl.nasa.gov/meeting/jul-09/.
72.
LillisR.J., Arkani-HamedJ., BrainD.A., CainJ.C., ConnerneyJ.E.P., DeloryG.T., EspleyJ., FullerM., GatteccecaJ., HalekasJ.S., HoodL.L., JohnsonC.L., JurdyD., KletetschkaG., LanglaisB., LinR.P., LouzadaK.L., MangaM., MilburyC., MozzoniD., PuruckerM., RavatD., RobertsJ.H., RochetteP., RussellC.T., SmrekarS., StewartS.T., VennerstromS., WeissB.P., WhalerK.2009. Mars' ancient dynamo and crustal remanent magnetism, Decadal Survey white paper posted September, 2009, by the Mars Exploration Program Analysis Group (MEPAG)http://mepag.jpl.nasa.gov/decadal/.
73.
LindsayJ.F., McKayD.S., AllenC.C.2003a. Earth's earliest biosphere—a proposal to develop a collection of curated Archean geologic reference materials. Astrobiology, 3:739–758.
74.
LindsayJ.F., BrasierM.D., McLaughlinN., GreenO.R., FogelM., McNamaraK.M., SteeleA., MertzmanS.A.2003b. Abiotic Earth—establishing a baseline for earliest life, data from the Archean of Western Australia [abstract 1137]Proceedings of the 34th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference. Lunar and Planetary Institute: Houston.
75.
LindsayJ.F., BrasierM.D., McLaughlinN., GreenO.R., FogelM., SteeleA., MertzmannS.A.2005. The problem of deep carbon; an Archean paradox. Precambrian Res., 143:1–22.
76.
LoweD.R.1980. Stromatolites 3,400–3,500 Myr old from the Archean of Western Australia. Nature, 284:441–443.
77.
LoweD.R.1983. Restricted shallow-water sedimentation of early Archean stromatolitic and evaporitic strata of the Strelley Pool Chert, Pilbara Block, Western Australia. Precambrian Res., 19:239–283.
78.
LoweD.R.1992. Probable non-biological origin of pre-3.2 Ga-old “stromatolites” in the Barberton and Pilbara greenstone belts. Abstracts with Programs. Geological Society of America: Boulder, CO, 137.
79.
LoweD.R.1994. Abiological origin of described stromatolites older than 3.2 Ga. Geology, 22:387–390.
80.
MacPhersonG.J.nd the MSR Science Steering Group.2002. Groundbreaking MSR: science requirements and cost estimates for a first Mars surface-sample return mission, white paper, posted by the Mars Exploration Program Analysis Group (MEPAG)http://mepag.jpl.nasa.gov/reports/.
81.
MacPhersonG.and the Mars Sample Return Science Steering Group II.2005. The first Mars surface-sample return mission: revised science considerations in light of the 2004 MER results, white paper, in Appendix III of Science priorities for Mars Sample Return, posted March, 2008, by the Mars Exploration Program Analysis Group (MEPAG)http://mepag.jpl.nasa.gov/reports/ndsag.html.
82.
MayerL.M.2004. The inertness of being organic. Mar. Chem., 92:135–140.
83.
McCleeseD.J.the Mars Advance Planning Group. 2006. Robotic Mars exploration strategy 2007–2016, posted March, 2006, by the Mars Exploration Program Analysis Group (MEPAG)http://mepag.jpl.nasa.gov/reports/.
84.
McCollomT.M., SeewaldJ.S.2006. Carbon isotope composition of organic compounds produced by abiotic synthesis under hydrothermal conditions. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 243:74–84.
85.
McCubbinF.M., ToscaN.J., SmirnovA., NekvasilH., SteeleA., FriesM., LindsleyD.H.2009. Hydrothermal jarosite and hematite in a pyroxene-hosted melt inclusion in martian meteorite Miller Range (MIL) 03346: implications for magmatic-hydrothermal fluids on Mars. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 73:4907–4917.
86.
McKayC.P., BeatyD.W., ConleyC.A., CrispJ.A., Des MaraisD.J., GrotzingerJ.P., KarczJ.S., LemkeL.G., SquyresS.W., StokerC.R., TreimanA.H.2007. Scientific requirements for a possible Mars Science Laboratory sample cache, unpublished report, NASA Ames Research Center document A9SP-0703-XR04, posted by the Mars Exploration Program Analysis Group (MEPAG)http://mepag.jpl.nasa.gov/reports/MSL_cache_sdd3.pdf.
McSweenH.Y., RuffS.W., MorrisR.V., BellJ.F.III, HerkenhoffK., GellertR., StockstillK.R., TornabeneL.L., SquyresS.W., CrispJ.A., ChristensenP.R., McCoyT.J., MittlefehldtD.W., SchmidtM.2006. Alkaline volcanic rocks from the Columbia Hills, Gusev Crater, Mars. J. Geophys. Res., 111. 10.1029/2006JE002698.
89.
MelnikO., ParrotM.1998. Electrostatic discharge in martian duststorms. J. Geophys. Res., 103:29107–29117.
90.
MEPAG. 2008. Mars scientific goals, objectives, investigations, and priorities: 2008, edited by J.R. Johnson, report posted September, 2008, by the Mars Exploration Program Analysis Group (MEPAG)http://mepag.jpl.nasa.gov/reports/.
91.
MEPAG. 2009. Seeking signs of life on a terrestrial planet: an integrated strategy for the next decade of Mars exploration, edited by J.S. Mustard, white paper posted September, 2009, by the Mars Exploration Program Analysis Group (MEPAG)http://mepag.jpl.nasa.gov/decadal/.
92.
MEPAG HEM-SAG. 2008. Planning for the scientific exploration of Mars by humans, unpublished white paper, posted March 2008 by the Mars Exploration Program Analysis Group (MEPAG)http://mepag.jpl.nasa.gov/reports/.
93.
MEPAG MRR-SAG. 2009. Mars Astrobiology Explorer-Cacher: a potential rover mission for 2018, final report from the Mid-Range Rover Science Analysis Group (MRR-SAG), posted October, 2009, by the Mars Exploration Program Analysis Group (MEPAG)http://mepag.jpl.nasa.gov/reports/.
94.
MEPAGN-SAG. 2008. Science priorities for Mars sample return. Astrobiology, 8:489–535.
95.
MichaelM., TripathiS.N., MishraS.K.2008. Dust charging and electrical conductivity in the day and nighttime atmosphere of Mars. J. Geophys. Res., 113. 10.1029/2007JE003047.
96.
MillikenR.E., SwayzeG.A., ArvidsonR.E., BishopJ.L., ClarkR.N., EhlmannB.L., GreenR.O., GrotzingerJ.P., MorrisR.V., MurchieS.L., MustardJ.F., WeitzC.2008. Opaline silica in young deposits on Mars. Geology, 36:847–850.
97.
MoorbathS.2005. Dating earliest life. Nature, 434:155.
98.
MorrisR.V., KlingelhöferG., SchröderC., RodionovD.S., YenA., MingD.W., de SouzaP.A.Jr., FleischerI., WdowiakT., GellertR., BernhardtB., EvlanovE.N., ZubkovB., FohJ., BonnesU., KankeleitE., GütlichP., RenzF., SquyresS.W., ArvidsonR.E.2006a. Mössbauer mineralogy of rock, soil, and dust at Gusev Crater, Mars: Spirit's journey through weakly altered olivine basalt on the plains and pervasively altered basalt in the Columbia Hills. J. Geophys. Res., 111. 10.1029/2005JE002584.
99.
MorrisR.V., KlingelhöferG., SchröderC., RodionovD.S., YenA., MingD.W., de SouzaP.A., WdowiakT., FleischerI., GellertR., BernhardtB., BonnesU., CohenB.A., EvlanovE.N., FohJ., GütlichP., KankeleitE., McCoyT., MittlefehldtD.W., RenzF., SchmidtM.E., ZubkovB., SquyresS.W., ArvidsonR.E.2006b. Mössbauer mineralogy of rock, soil, and dust at Meridiani Planum, Mars: Opportunity's journey across sulfate-rich outcrop, basaltic sand and dust, and hematite lag deposits. J. Geophys. Res., 111,E12S1510.1029/2006JE002791.
100.
MorrisR.V., KlingelhöferG., SchröderC., FleisherI., MingD.W., YenA.S., GellertR., ArvidsonR.E., RodionovD.S., CrumplerL.S., ClarkB.C., CohenB.A., McCoyT.J., MittlefehldtD.W., SchmidtM.E., de SouzaP.A.Jr., SquyresS.W.2008. Iron mineralogy and aqueous alteration from Husband Hill through Home Plate at Gusev Crater, Mars: results from the Mössbauer instrument on the Spirit Mars Exploration Rover. J. Geophys. Res., 113. 10.1029/2008JE003201.
101.
MourikisA.I., TrawnyN., RoumeliotisS.I., JohnsonA., AnsarA., MatthiesL.2009. Vision-aided inertial navigation for spacecraft entry, descent, and landing. IEEE Trans. Robot., 25:264–280.
102.
MummaM.J., VillanuevaG.L., NovakR.E., HewagamaT., BonevB.P., DiSantiM.A., MandellA.M., SmithM.D.2009. Strong release of methane on Mars in northern summer 2003. Science, 323:1041–1045.
103.
MurchieS.L, MustardJ.F., EhlmannB.L., MillikenR.E., BishopJ.L., McKeownN.K., Noe DobreaE.Z., SeelosF.P., BuczkowskiD.L., WisemanS.M., ArvidsonR.E., WrayJ.J., SwayzeG., ClarkR.N., Des MaraisD.J., McEwenA.S., BibringJ.-P.2009. A synthesis of martian aqueous mineralogy after 1 Mars year of observations from the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter. J. Geophys. Res., 114. 10.1029/2009JE003342.
104.
MustardJ.2009. Mars: current state of knowledge and future plans and strategies, presentation given July 30, 2009, to MEPAG, posted July, 2009, by the Mars Exploration Program Analysis Group (MEPAG)http://mepag.jpl.nasa.gov/meeting/jul-09/.
105.
NASA. 1995. An exobiology strategy for Mars exploration, NASA SP-530, National Aeronautics and Space Administration: Washington DC.
106.
NRC. 1978. Strategy for the Exploration of the Inner Planets: 1977–1987. The National Academy of Sciences: Washington DC.
107.
NRC. 1990a. Update to Strategy for Exploration of the Inner Planets. The National Academies Press: Washington DC.
108.
NRC. 1990b. International Cooperation for Mars Exploration and Sample Return. The National Academies Press: Washington DC.
109.
NRC. 1994. An Integrated Strategy for the Planetary Sciences: 1995–2010. The National Academies Press: Washington DC.
110.
NRC. 1996. Review of NASA's Planned Mars Program. The National Academies Press: Washington DC.
111.
NRC. 2003. Assessment of Mars Science and Mission Priorities. The National Academies Press: Washington DC.
112.
NRC. 2006. Assessment of NASA's Mars Architecture 2007–2016. The National Academies Press: Washington DC.
113.
NRC. 2007. An Astrobiology Strategy for the Exploration of Mars. The National Academies Press: Washington DC.
114.
NealC.R., ShearerC.K., WadwhaM., BorgL., JolliffB., TreimanA.2009. Developing sample return technology using the Earth's Moon as a testing ground, white paper submitted September, 2009, to the 2009 NRC Planetary Decadal Survey. http://www8.nationalacademies.org/ssbsurvey/publicview.aspx.
115.
NeukumG., JaumannR., HoffmannH., HauberE., HeadJ.W., BasilevskyA.T., IvanovB.A., WernerS.C., van GasseltS., MurrayJ.B., McCordT.B.HRSC Co-Investigator Team. 2004. Recent and episodic volcanic and glacial activity on Mars revealed by the High Resolution Stereo Camera. Nature, 432:971–979.
116.
NimmoF., StevensonD.2000. Influence of early plate tectonics on the thermal evolution and magnetic field of Mars. J. Geophys. Res., 105:11969–11979.
117.
Noe DobreaE.Z., MurchieS., MustardJ.F., BishopJ.L., McKeownN.K.2009. Near-infrared imaging spectroscopy of the surface of Mars at meter-scales to constrain the geological origin of hydrous alteration products, identify candidate sites and samples for future in situ and sample return missions, and guide rover operations, Decadal Survey white paper submitted September, 2009, to the 2009 NRC Planetary Decadal Survey. http://www8.nationalacademies.org/ssbsurvey/publicview.aspx.
118.
NuñezJ.I., FarmerJ.D., SellarR.G., AllenC.2009a. A multispectral micro-imager for lunar field geology, NLSI Lunar Science Forum, July21–23, 2009. NASA Ames Research Center: Moffett Field, CA.
119.
NuñezJ.I., FarmerJ.D., SellarR.G., GardnerP.B.2009b. The Multispectral Microscopic Imager (MMI) with improved spectral range and resolution [abstract 1830]Proceedings of the 40th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference. Lunar and Planetary Institute: Houston.
120.
OhzawaS.2008. Development of X-ray guide tube. HORIBA Technical Report (English edition), 12:78–82.
121.
PapineauD., De GregorioB.T., FriesM.D., SteeleA., StroudR.M., WangJ., MojzsisS.J., KonhauserK., PocoitsE., CodyG.D., FogelM.L.2009. Carbonaceous material associated with apatite in the Akilia QP rock [abstract 991]Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 73,Supplement 1.
122.
RafkinS.C.R., HaberleR.M., BanfieldD., BarnesJ.The value of landed meteorological investigations on Mars: the next advance for climate science, Decadal Survey white paper posted September, 2009, by the Mars Exploration Program Analysis Group (MEPAG)http://mepag.jpl.nasa.gov/decadal/.
123.
RiederR., GellertR., BrücknerJ., KlingelhöferG., DreibusG., YenA., SquyresS.W.2003. The new Athena alpha particle X-ray spectrometer for the Mars Exploration Rovers. J. Geophys. Res., 108. 10.1029/2003JE002150.
124.
RobertsJ.H., LillisR.J., MangaM.2009. Giant impacts on early Mars and the cessation of the martian dynamo. J. Geophys. Res., 114. 10.1029/2008JE003287.
125.
RohdeR.A., PriceP.B., BayR.C., BramallN.E.2008. In situ microbial metabolism as a cause of gas anomalies in ice. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 105:8667–8672.
126.
SchopfJ.W.1993. Microfossils of the early Archean Apex Chert; new evidence of the antiquity of life. Science, 260:640–646.
127.
SchopfJ.W.2006. Fossil evidence of Archean life. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond., B, Biol. Sci., 361:869–885.
128.
SchopfJ.W., PackerB.M.1987. Early Archean (3.3-billion to 3.5-billion-year-old) microfossils from Warrawoona Group, Australia. Science, 237:70–73.
SchwenzerS.P., AbramovO., AllenC.C., CliffordS., FilibertoJ., KringD.A., LasueJ., McGovernP.J., NewsomH.E., TreimanA.H., WittmannA.2009. The importance of (Noachian) impact craters as windows to the subsurface and as potential hosts of life, Decadal Survey white paper posted September, 2009, by the Mars Exploration Program Analysis Group (MEPAG)http://mepag.jpl.nasa.gov/decadal/Also LPI contribution #1508.
131.
SellarR.G., FarmerJ.D., GardnerP., StatenP., KietaA., HuangJ.2007. Improved spectrometric capabilities for in situ microscopic imagers [abstract 3017]7th International Conference on Mars. Lunar and Planetary Institute: Houston.
132.
ShirleyD.L., HaynesN.R.1997. The Mars Exploration Program. Space Technology and Applications International Forum 1997, AIP Conference Proceedings 387. American Institute of Physics: Melville, NY, 79.
133.
SmithD.E., ZuberM.T., FreyH.V., GarvinJ.B., HeadJ.W., MuhlemanD.O., PettengillG.H., PhillipsR.J., SolomonS.C., ZwallyH.J., BanerdtW.B., DuxburyT.C., GolombekM.P., LemoineF.G., NeumannG.A., RowlandsD.D., AharonsonO., FordP.G., IvanovA.B., JohnsonC.L., McGovernP.J., AbshireJ.B., AfzalR.S., SunX.2001. Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter: experiment summary after the first year of global mapping of Mars. J. Geophys. Res., 106:23689–23722.
134.
SmithM.D., AllenM., BanfieldD., BarnesJ.R., ClancyR.T., JamesP., KastingJ., WennbergP., WinterhalterD., WolffM., ZurekR.2009a. Mars Trace Gas Mission: scientific goals and measurement objectives, white paper posted September, 2009, by the Mars Exploration Program Analysis Group (MEPAG)http://mepag.jpl.nasa.gov/decadal/.
SquyresS.W., KnollA.H.2005. Sedimentary rocks at Meridiani Planum: origin, diagenesis, and implications for life on Mars. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 240:1–10.
137.
SquyresS.W., ArvidsonR.E., BlaneyD.L., ClarkB.C., CrumplerL., FarrandW.H., GorevanS., HerkenhoffK.E., HurowitzJ., KusackA., McSweenH.Y., MingD.W., MorrisR.V., RuffS.W., WangA., YenA.2006. Rocks of the Columbia Hills. J. Geophys. Res., 111. 10.1029/2005JE002562.
138.
SquyresS.W., ArvidsonR.E., RuffS., GellertR., MorrisR.V., MingD.W., CrumplerL., FarmerJ.D., Des MaraisD.J., YenA., McLennanS.M., CalvinW., BellJ.F.III, ClarkB.C., WangA., McCoyT.J., SchmidtM.E., de SouzaP.A.Jr.2008. Detection of silica-rich deposits on Mars. Science, 320:1064–1067.
139.
SquyresS.W., KnollA.H., ArvidsonR.E., AshleyJ.W., BellJ.F.III, CalvinW.M., ChristensenP.R., ClarkB.C., CohenB.A., de SouzaP.A.Jr., EdgarL., FarrandW.H., FleischerI., GellertR., GolombekM.P., GrantJ., GrotzingerJ., HayesA., HerkenhoffK.E., JohnsonJ.R., JolliffB., KlingelhöferG., KnudsonA., LiR., McCoyT.J., McLennanS.M., MingD.W., MittlefehldtD.W., MorrisR.V., RiceJ.W.Jr., SchröderC., SullivanR.J., YenA., YingstR.A.2009. Exploration of Victoria Crater by the Mars Rover Opportunity. Science, 324:1058–1061.
140.
StanleyS., DoughertyS., LarameeJ.2007. The low-force sample acquisition system [session No. C2P3]NASA Science and Technology Conference 2007. National Aeronautics and Space Administration: Washington, DC.
141.
SteeleA., BeatyD.W., AmendJ., AndersonR., BeegleL., BenningL., BhattacharyaJ., BlakeD., BrinckerhoffW., BiddleJ., CadyS., ConradP., LindsayJ., MancinelliR., MungasG., MustardJ., OxnevadK., ToporskiJ., WaiteH.2005. The Astrobiology Field Laboratory, unpublished white paper, posted 2006, by the Mars Exploration Program Analysis Group (MEPAG)http://mepag.jpl.nasa.gov/reports/.
142.
SteeleA., FriesM., AmundsenH.E.F., MysenB.O., FogelM.L., SchweizerM., BoctorN.Z.2007. Comprehensive imaging and Raman spectroscopy of carbonate globules from martian meteorite ALH 84001 and a terrestrial analogue from Svalbard. Meteorit. Planet. Sci., 42:1549–1566.
143.
SteeleA., BeegleL., Des MaraisD., Sherwood-LollarB., NealC., ConradP., GlavinD., McCollomT., KarczJ., AllenC., VicenziE., CadyS., EigenbrodeJ., PapineauD., StarkeV., GlamoclijaM., FogelM., KerrL., MauleJ., CodyG., Ten KateI., BuxbaumK., BorgL., SymesS., BeatyD., PilcherC., MeyerM., ConleyC., RummelJ., ZurekR., CrispJ.2008. Report of the joint NAI/MEPAG Mars Science Laboratory Caching Working Group, unpublished white paper, posted January, 2008 by the Mars Exploration Program Analysis Group (MEPAG)http://mepag.jpl.nasa.gov/reports/.
144.
SteeleA., AmundsenH.E.F., BenningL., BlakeD., BorgL., BowerD.M., BrantleyS., BrinkerhoffW., CleavesJ., CoatesA., CodyG., ConradP.G., DieingT., FogelM., FoingB., FriesM., FritzJ., FsicherH., GlamoclijaM., GarrettM., GlotchT., HauberE., HoffmanH., HutsbergerT., JaumannR., JohnsonC., KarunatillakeS., KishA., KressM., HoehlerT., McCollomT., McCubbinF.M., MingD., MonacoL., MorrillP., OhmotoH., PaarG., PacrosA., PullanD., RobbF., RullF., SarrazinP., SchmitzN., SchoonenM.A.A., SchrenkM., ShaharA., Sherwood-LollarB., ShireyS., SiljstromS., SimsM., SmirnovA., StarkeV., ToporskiJ.K.W., VagoJ., WainwrightN., WeishauptK., WestallF., YonseP., ZareR.N.2009. Astrobiology sample acquisition and return: a mission concept for 2018/2020 based on the MEPAG Mid-Range Rover Science Analysis Group findings and extensive field testing data from Svalbard, white paper submitted September, 2009, to the 2009 NRC Planetary Decadal Survey. http://www8.nationalacademies.org/ssbsurvey/publicview.aspx.
145.
StevensonD.J.2001. Mars core and magnetism. Nature, 412:214–219.
146.
Storrie-LombardiM.C., HugW.F., McDonaldG.D., TsapinA.I., NealsonK.H.2001. Hollow cathode ion laser for deep ultraviolet Raman spectroscopy and fluorescence imaging. Rev. Sci. Instrum., 72:4452–4459.
147.
TanakaK.L., SkinnerJ.A.Jr., HareT.M.2005. Geologic map of the northern plains of Mars. U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 2888. U.S. Geological Survey: Reston, Virginia.
148.
TiceM.D., LoweD.R.2004. Photosynthetic microbial mats in the 3,416-Myr-old ocean. Nature, 431:549–552.
149.
TitusT.N., PrettymanT.H., MichaelsT.I., BarnesJ., KiefferH.H., BrownA., ByrneS., FishbaughK.E., HechtM.H.2009. Mars polar energy balance science for the next decade, Decadal Survey white paper posted September, 2009, by the Mars Exploration Program Analysis Group (MEPAG)http://mepag.jpl.nasa.gov/decadal/.
150.
ToscaN.J., KnollA.H., McLennanS.M.2008. Water activity and the challenge for life on early Mars. Science, 320:1204–1207.
151.
UenoY., IsozakiY., YurimotoH., MaruyamaS.2001. Carbon isotopic signatures of individual Archean microfossils (?) from Western Australia. International Geology Review, 43:196–212.
152.
VagoJ.L., GardiniB., BaglioniP., KminekG., GianfiglioG.ExoMars Project Team. 2006. Science objectives of ESA's ExoMars mission. European Planetary Science Congress: Berlin, Germany18–22September2006; 76.
153.
Van KranendonkM.J., WebbG.E., KamberB.S.2003. Geological and trace element evidence for a marine sedimentary environment of deposition and biogenicity of 3.45 Ga stromatolitic carbonates in the Pilbara Craton, and support for a reducing Archaean ocean. Geobiology, 1:91–108.
154.
VicenziE.P., FriesM., FaheyA., RostD., GreenwoodJ.P., SteeleA.2007. Detailed elemental, mineralogical, and isotopic examination of jarosite in martian meteorite MIL 03346 [abstract 2335]Proceedings of the 38th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference. Lunar and Planetary Institute: Houston.
155.
WalshM.M.1972. Microfossils and possible microfossils from the early Archean Onverwacht Group, Barberton Mountain Land, South Africa. Precambrian Res., 54:271–293.
156.
WalshM.M., LoweD.R.1985. Filamentous microfossils from the 3,500-Myr-old Onverwacht Group, Barberton Mountain Land, South Africa. Nature, 314:530–532.
157.
WalterM.R.1983. Archean stromatolites: evidence of the Earth's earliest benthos. Earth's Earliest Biosphere. SchopfJ.W.Princeton University Press: Princeton, NJ, 187–213.
158.
WalterM.R., BuickR., DunlopJ.S.R.1980. Stromatolites 3,400–3,500 Myr old from the North Pole area, Western Australia. Nature, 284:443–445.
159.
WangA., HaskinL.A., LaneA.L., WdowiakT.J., SquyresS.W., WilsonR.J., HovlandL.E., ManattK.S., RaoufN., SmithC.D.2003. Development of the Mars Microbeam Raman Spectrometer (MMRS)J. Geophys. Res., 108. 10.1029/2002JE001902.
160.
Wattel-KoekkoekE.J.W., BuurmanP., van der PlichtJ., WattelE., van BreemenN.2003. Mean residence time of soil organic matter associated with kaolinite and smectite. European Journal of Soil Science, 54:269–278.
161.
WeissB.P., ValiH., BaudenbacherF.J., KirschvinkJ.L., StewartS.T., ShusterD.L.2002. Records of an ancient martian magnetic field in ALH84001. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 201:449–463.
162.
WeissB.P., FongL.E., ValiH., LimaE.A., BaudenbacherF.2008. Paleointensity of the ancient martian magnetic field. Geophys. Res. Lett., 35:L23207.
163.
WestallF.2007. Morphological biosignatures in early terrestrial and extraterrestrial materials. Space Sci. Rev., 135:95–114.
164.
WestallF., SouthamG.2006. The early record of life. Archean Geodynamics and Environments. BennK., MareschalJ.-C., CondieK.AGU Geophysical Monograph 164, American Geophysical Union: Washington DC, 283–384.
165.
WestallF., WalshM.M., de VriesS.T., NijmanW.2001. Fossil microbial biofilms from Early Archaean volcaniclastic sediments. The 4th International Archaean Symposium 2001, Extended Abstracts. CassidyK.F., DunphyJ.M., Van KranendonkM.J.Record 2001/37, AGSO-Geoscience Australia: Canberra, Australia, 266–268.
166.
WestallF., de VriesS.T., NijmanW., RouchonV., OrbergerB., PearsonV., WatsonJ., VerchovskyA., WrightI., RouzaudJ.-N., MarchesiniD., SeverineA.2006. The 3.466 Ga “Kitty's Gap Chert,” an Early Archaean microbial ecosystem. Processes on the Early Earth, Geological Society of America Special Paper 405. ReimoldW.U., GibsonR.L.Geological Society of America: Boulder, CO, 105–131.
167.
WolfA.A., IvanovM.C.2008. SuperSmart parachute deployment algorithm for Mars pinpoint landing [AIAA 2008-6942]Proceedings of the AIAA/AAS Astrodynamics Specialist Conference. American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics: Reston, VA.
168.
ZacnyK., PaulsenG., DavisK., MummE., GorevanS.2008. Honeybee Robotics sample acquisition, transfer and processing technologies enabling sample return missions [abstract 4001]Ground Truth from Mars: Science Payoff from a Sample Return Mission. Lunar and Planetary Institute: Houston.