NADPH oxidase (NOX) enzymes show great potential as therapeutic pharmacological targets. This Forum revolves around the roles of specific NOX isoforms in oxidative stress-mediated pathologies, available NOX antagonists/agonists as well as the potential side effects of NOX inhibition and the requisite identification of novel oxidative biomarkers as a measure of NOX activity in patients. In addition, an original article reports the discovery of a novel small molecule NOX2 inhibitor. Finally an attractive and innovative therapeutic approach for modulating NOX activity through the inhibition of the proton channel Hv1 is discussed. Antioxid Redox Signal. 23, 355–357.
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