Redox Pioneer: Professor Barry Halliwell

Abstract

Professor Barry Halliwell is recognized as a Redox Pioneer because he has published eight articles on redox biology that have been each cited more than 1000 times, and 158 articles that have been each cited more than 100 times. His contributions go back as far as 1976, when he was involved in elucidation of the Foyer-Halliwell-Asada cycle, an efficient mechanism for preventing oxidative damage to chloroplasts. His subsequent work established the important role of iron and zinc in free radical reactions and their relevance to human pathologies. Professor Halliwell is also a leader in developing novel methodology for detecting free radical intermediates in vivo, and his contributions to our knowledge of reactive nitrogen species are highly significant. His sustained excellence won him the top-cited scientist award in the United Kingdom in biomedical sciences in 1999, and in 2003 he was recognized as a highly cited scientist by Institute of Scientific Information (ISI) for work on plant antioxidants, and the same year ranked 28 out of 5494 biochemists/biologists for scientific impact. Two pieces of his scholarly work have been listed as Citation Classics by ISI, and in 2007 his laboratory was ranked number 1 worldwide based on highest citation score in research on free radicals. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 14, 1761–1766.

I got into the field of free radicals and antioxidants by following up a chance observation I made during my Ph.D. work. At the time, few were interested in redox biology. Now everyone is. Don't be afraid to take a risk and explore a sudden inspiration or a new concept. You may help create a new research field and then many will follow.

—Professor Barry Halliwell

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References

Alam

, Jenner

, Daniel

, Lees

, Cairns

, Marsden

, Jenner

, Halliwell

. Oxidative DNA damage in the parkinsonian brain: an apparent selective increase in 8-hydroxyguanine levels in substantia nigra. J Neurochem, 69:1196–1203. 1997.

Aruoma

, Halliwell

. Superoxide-dependent and ascorbate-dependent formation of hydroxyl radicals from hydrogen peroxide in the presence of iron. Are lactoferrin and transferrin promoters of hydroxyl-radical generation? Biochem J, 241:273–278. 1987.

Cross

, van der Vliet

, Louie

, Thiele

, Halliwell

. Oxidative stress and antioxidants at biosurfaces: plants, skin, and respiratory tract surfaces. Environ Health Perspect, 106,Suppl 5:1241–1251. 1998.

Cross

, van der Vliet

, O'Neill

, Louie

, Halliwell

. Oxidants, antioxidants, and respiratory tract lining fluids. Environ Health Perspect, 102,Suppl 10:185–191. 1994.

Eiserich

, Hristova

, Cross

, Jones

, Freeman

, Halliwell

, van der Vliet

. Formation of nitric oxide-derived inflammatory oxidants by myeloperoxidase in neutrophils. Nature, 391:393–397. 1998.

Foyer

, Halliwell

. The presence of glutathione and glutathione reductase in chloroplasts: a proposed role in ascorbic acid metabolism. Planta, 133:21–25. 1976.

Frost

, Halliwell

, Moore

. Analysis of free and protein-bound nitrotyrosine in human plasma by a gas chromatography/mass spectrometry method that avoids nitration artifacts. Biochem J, 345:453–458. 2000.

Grootveld

, Bell

, Halliwell

, Aruoma

, Bomford

, Sadler

. Non-transferrin-bound iron in plasma or serum from patients with idiopathic hemochromatosis. Characterization by high performance liquid chromatography and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. J Biol Chem, 264:4417–4422. 1989.

Grootveld

, Halliwell

. Measurement of allantoin and uric acid in human body fluids. A potential index of free-radical reactions in vivo? Biochem J, 243:803–808. 1987.

10.

Gutteridge

, Halliwell

. Iron toxicity and oxygen radicals. Baillieres Clin Haematol, 2:195–256. 1989.

11.

Halliwell

. Superoxide-dependent formation of hydroxyl radicals in the presence of iron chelates: is it a mechanism for hydroxyl radical production in biochemical systems? FEBS Lett, 92:321–326. 1978.

12.

Halliwell

. Antioxidant characterization. Methodology and mechanism. Biochem Pharmacol, 49:1341–1348. 1995.

13.

Halliwell

. What nitrates tyrosine? Is nitrotyrosine specific as a biomarker of peroxynitrite formation in vivo? FEBS Lett, 411:157–160. 1997.

14.

Halliwell

. Establishing the significance and optimal intake of dietary antioxidants: the biomarker concept. Nutr Rev, 57:104–113. 1999.

15.

Halliwell

. Hypothesis: proteasomal dysfunction: a primary event in neurogeneration that leads to nitrative and oxidative stress and subsequent cell death. Ann N Y Acad Sci, 962:182–194. 2002.

16.

Halliwell

. Oxidative stress and neurodegeneration: where are we now? J Neurochem, 97:1634–1658. 2006.

17.

Halliwell

. Proteasomal dysfunction: a common feature of neurodegenerative diseases? Implications for the environmental origins of neurodegeneration. Antioxid Redox Signal, 8:2007–2019. 2006.

18.

Halliwell

. Oxidative stress and cancer: have we moved forward? Biochem J, 401:1–11. 2007.

19.

Halliwell

, Aruoma

. DNA damage by oxygen-derived species. Its mechanism and measurement in mammalian systems. FEBS Lett, 281:9–19. 1991.

20.

Halliwell

, Grootveld

, Gutteridge

. Methods for the measurement of hydroxyl radicals in biomedical systems: deoxyribose degradation and aromatic hydroxylation. Methods Biochem Anal, 33:59–90. 1988.

21.

Halliwell

, Gutteridge

. Oxygen free radicals and iron in relation to biology and medicine: some problems and concepts. Arch Biochem Biophys, 246:501–514. 1986.

22.

Halliwell

, Gutteridge

. Role of free radicals and catalytic metal ions in human disease: an overview. Methods Enzymol, 186:1–85. 1990.

23.

Halliwell

, Rafter

, Jenner

. Health promotion by flavonoids, tocopherols, tocotrienols, and other phenols: direct or indirect effects? Antioxidant or not? Am J Clin Nutr, 81:268S–276S. 2005.

24.

Halliwell

, Zhao

, Whiteman

. The gastrointestinal tract: a major site of antioxidant action? Free Radic Res, 33:819–830. 2000.

25.

Lee

, Isaac

, Wang

, Huang

, Long

, Jenner

, Kelly

, Halliwell

. Cautions in the use of biomarkers of oxidative damage; the vascular and antioxidant effects of dark soy sauce in humans. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 344:906–911. 2006.

26.

Lee

, Hyun

, Jenner

, Halliwell

. Effect of proteasome inhibition on cellular oxidative damage, antioxidant defences and nitric oxide production. J Neurochem, 78:32–41. 2001.

27.

Lyras

, Cairns

, Jenner

, Halliwell

. An assessment of oxidative damage to proteins, lipids, and DNA in brain from patients with Alzheimer's disease. J Neurochem, 68:2061–2069. 1997.

28.

Minqin

, Watt

, Huat

, Halliwell

. Correlation of iron and zinc levels with lesion depth in newly formed atherosclerotic lesions. Free Radic Biol Med, 34:746–752. 2003.

29.

Ren

, Rajendran

, Ning

, Tan Kwong Huat

, Choon Nam

, Watt

, Jenner

, Halliwell

. Zinc supplementation decreases the development of atherosclerosis in rabbits. Free Radic Biol Med, 41:222–225. 2006.

30.

Smith

, Mitchinson

, Aruoma

, Halliwell

. Stimulation of lipid peroxidation and hydroxyl-radical generation by the contents of human atherosclerotic lesions. Biochem J, 286:901–905. 1992.

31.

Spencer

, Jenner

, Daniel

, Lees

, Marsden

, Halliwell

. Conjugates of catecholamines with cysteine and GSH in Parkinson's disease: possible mechanisms of formation involving reactive oxygen species. J Neurochem, 71:2112–2122. 1998.

32.

Sun

, Kaur

, Halliwell

, Li

, Bolli

. Use of aromatic hydroxylation of phenylalanine to measure production of hydroxyl radicals after myocardial ischemia in vivo. Direct evidence for a pathogenetic role of the hydroxyl radical in myocardial stunning. Circ Res, 73:534–549. 1993.

33.

van der Vliet

, Eiserich

, Halliwell

, Cross

. Formation of reactive nitrogen species during peroxidase-catalyzed oxidation of nitrite. A potential additional mechanism of nitric oxide-dependent toxicity. J Biol Chem, 272:7617–7625. 1997.

34.

Wang

, Jenner

, Lee

, Shui

, Tang

, Whiteman

, Wenk

, Halliwell

. The identification of antioxidants in dark soy sauce. Free Radic Res, 41:479–488. 2007.

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