Angiotensin II (AngII) has pleiotropic effects, the most well known of which is the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and chemokines in inflammatory lesions. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) is considered a major chemokine in the pathogenesis of kidney diseases. We examined signaling pathways of AngII-induced MCP-1 expression and the role of ROS in the murine proximal tubular cells (mProx) using various inhibitors. Furthermore, we compared the signaling pathways between mProx and mesangial cells (MC). AngII-induced MCP-1 protein expression in mProx at 6 h was largely blocked by ROS (N-acetylcysteine; 82 ± 14%), Ras (N-acetyl-S-trans,trans-farnesyl-L-cysteine; 82 ± 13%), and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) (parthenolide; 89 ± 7.9%) inhibitors. Both AT1 receptor (AT1R) (Olmesartan; 41 ± 12%) and the AT2R (PD123319; 24 ± 11%) antagonists partially blocked the MCP-1 expression. Furthermore, mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK) pathways were also implicated in this protein expression, but it is less dependent on ROS/Ras pathways. In MC, protein kinase (calphostin C; 84 ± 2.8%) and NF-κB (89 ± 1.4%) inhibitors attenuated acute AngII-induced MCP-1 expression stronger than ROS/Ras inhibitors (1.0 ± 0.9/29 ± 9.5%). MAPK pathways, especially p38 MAPK, were involved in MC more than in mProx. AT1R (69 ± 8.6%) and AT2R (57 ± 21%) antagonists also were blocked. We suggested that, although NF-κB activation has a critical role, signaling pathways are different between mProx and MC. ROS-mediated signaling in mProx may have more contribution to AngII-induced inflammatory responses than to those in MC.
Antioxid. Redox Signal. 7, 1261–1268.
